Lecture 14 Clinical Biochemistry- Clinical Questions Flashcards
1
Q
Why is HbA1c used to detect diabetes
A
- High blood glucose levels
- Glucose not taken into cells due to lack of insulin
- Glucose moves freely into RBCs
- HbA1c is intracellular
2
Q
Why is Hb1Ac only used to detect type 1 diabetes
A
• Only used for type 2 as type 1 may have a rapid onset that can be missed through this test
3
Q
You must not use Hb1Ac for diagnosing diabetes in
A
- Children and young people
- Suspected Type 1 diabetes
- Symptoms <2 months
- High risk patients who are acutely ill
- Patients taking medication that may cause rapid glucose rise (e.g. steroids)
- Acute pancreatic damage
- Pregnancy- false low value (high turn-over of RBC)
- Presence of genetic, haematological or illness-related factors that affect HbA1c and its measurement
4
Q
What is factitious hyperglycaemia
A
high insulin levels in absence of elevated C-peptide concentrations
5
Q
What is Insulinoma
A
elevated C-peptide level indicative of insulin-secreting tumour
6
Q
Name macovascular complications of chronic diabetes
A
TIA Stroke Angina MI Cardiac Failure
7
Q
Name microvascular complications of chronic diabetes
A
Diabetic retinopathy
Nephropathy
Erectile dysfunction
Foot problems
