Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SP1 Virology > Lecture 25 4/30/24 > Flashcards

Lecture 25 4/30/24 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the characteristics of canine distemper?

A

-enveloped, pleomorphic negative-stranded RNA virus
-closely related to measles and rinderpest
-infections are rare due to vaccination strategies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is canine distemper considered multisystemic?

A

it infects all lymphatic tissues; surface epithelium in the resp., alimentary, and urogenital tracts; skin; glands; and CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which species other than domestic dogs can have canine distemper?

A

-ferrets
-coyotes
-red foxes
-gray foxes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is canine distemper transmitted?

A

direct contact with aerosol droplets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which cells does canine distemper have a tropism for?

A

-cells with Signaling Lymphocyte Activation Molecule (SLAM)
-epithelial cells with nectin-4 receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does disease progression of canine distemper vary?

A

-young dogs are most susceptible, esp. between 4 to 6 months of age
-older, non-immunized dogs are highly susceptible to infection and disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the clinical signs of canine distemper?

A

-fever
-nasal and ocular discharge
-pneumonia
-depression
-anorexia
-vomiting
-diarrhea
-CNS
-hardening of footpads and nose
-enamel hypoplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the characteristics of canine distemper serology testing?

A

-high IgM titer indicates recent infection or vaccination
-difficult to differentiate between vx versus infection
-rising IgG titers in unvaxxed dog are indicative of infection
-antibodies in CSF are highly indicative of infection; vx-induced Ab do not cross BBB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why are the buffy coat cells a good sample for canine distemper diagnosis via RT-PCR/RT-qPCR?

A

distemper virus has a high tropism for WBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which samples can be used for RT-PCR for canine distemper?

A

-whole blood
-CSF
-urine (only when used with another sample type)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which tests for distemper can be done following necropsy?

A

-immunofluorescence
-virus isolation
-RT-PCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is canine distemper controlled?

A

-isolate patient; shedding can occur up to 4 months
-disinfection; common disinfectants will work
-modified live vx, canine tissue culture adapted vx, and chick embryo-adapted vx available

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which canine distemper vx are used for wildlife species?

A

chick embryo-adapted vaccines and killed vaccines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the canine distemper vector vaccine?

A

canarypox virus vector vx containing only the H and F proteins of canine distemper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the characteristics of kennel cough?

A

-multifaceted disease in which infectious disease and environment contribute to cough and resp. signs
-most common in areas of high-density patients
-most severe in puppies 6 weeks to 6 months old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which viruses are involved in kennel cough?

A

-canine parainfluenza
-canine resp. coronavirus
-canine distemper virus
-canine adenovirus
-canine herpesvirus-1
-canine influenza virus

17
Q

What are the characteristics of canine influenza virus?

A

-natural infections of H3N8 are currently limited to dogs
-H3N2 is capable of infecting dogs and cats
-H3N2 causes more severe clinical signs, is more easily transmissible, and is shed for a longer period compared to H3N8

18
Q

What are the clinical signs of uncomplicated canine influenza?

A

-cough readily induced with minimal tracheal pressure
-normal lung sounds
-systemically healthy

19
Q

What are the clinical signs of complicated canine influenza?

A

-low grade fever
-increased intensity of normal lung sounds
-crackles or wheezes in lungs possible

20
Q

How is canine influenza diagnosed?

A

-PCR
-hemagglutination inhibition test

21
Q

What is important about testing for canine influenza?

A

H3N8 and H3N2 must be tested for separately

22
Q

How is kennel cough controlled?

A

-isolate patient; transmission can occur before clinical signs develop
-evacuate kennel for 1-2 weeks
-disinfect with common chemicals

23
Q

How is kennel cough prevented?

A

-modified live distemper and canine adenovirus-2 vaccines
-CPIV vx that allows for mucosal or intranasal vx of puppies
-inactivated CIV vx (non-core)

24
Q

What is important about the canine adenovirus-2 vx?

A

it can provide protection against infectious canine hepatitis caused by CAV-1

25
Q

What are the characteristics of canine papillomavirus?

A

-non-enveloped, small, icosahedral circular dsDNA virus
-usually begins on lips and spreads to mucosa, tongue, palate, and pharynx
-species specific
-diagnosed through PCR/qPCR

26
Q

How is canine papillomavirus treated?

A

-usually regresses spontaneously
-surgery if needed
-alpha-interferon
-NO VX

SP1 Virology (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions