Lecture 24 Flashcards
What is Xanthoma?
Deposits of fat in the hands and eyelids from improper absorption and transport of fat in the liver.
What is kernicterus?
When a baby has neonatal jaundice (meaning there’s too much uncongugated bilirubin), thus it can go through the BBB and deposit in the basal ganglia and cause neurodegeneration.
What is hemolytic jaundice?
When there’s too much cell lysis so there’s too much unconjugated bilirubin in the circulation.
What is Gilbert’s Syndrome ?
When you have a mutation in the promoter region (UGT gene) of the enzyme responsible for conjugating the bilirubin, so there’s low levels of the enzyme and thus too much unconjugated bilirubin.
What is extra hepatic biliary obstruction ?
When the bile duct is blocked so bilirubin can’t get to the intestine, so it’s reabsorbed in the blood.causes very yellow urine and the feces are white.
What is Steatosis?
Fat accumulation in the liver.
What is Steatohepatitis?
Liver inflammation + fat accumulation.
What is cirrhosis ?
Liver cells are replaced with scar tissue (liver cells are destroyed)
Most common liver disease in the world.
How does alcohol/acetaldehyde act on the liver ?
It increases lipid synthesis and decreases lipid utilization, thus there is increased lipid deposit in the hepatocytes.
How does alcohol affect intestines ?
It increases intestinal permeability, which allows microbes to go to reach the liver and to activate stellate and kupffer cells (which trigger fibrosis + inflammation)
