Lecture 24 Flashcards

1
Q

Global Ecology

A
  • Elements move among geologic, atmospheric, oceanic, and biological pools at a global scale -> Carbon main focus
  • Earth is warming because of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gasses
  • Dr. Taylor calls this lecture fuck you mind your own business
  • Share atmosphere and an ocean (keep this in mind)
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2
Q

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

A
  • Global cycling of carbon ( C ), nitrogen (N), phosphorus(P) emphasized because opf biological importance
  • Roles in human alteration of the global environment
  • Marine biota-> surface ocean waters-> atmosphere
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3
Q

Carbon Pools Located In

A
  • Rocks
  • Atmosphere
  • Surface ocean waters
  • Benthic sediments
  • Marine biota
  • Solis
  • Vegetation
  • Deep ocean water
  • Every single pool affects another all dependent on carbon diffusion
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4
Q

Carbon

A
  • critical for energy transfer and biomass
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5
Q

Pool or resivoir

A
  • Amount of an element in a component of the biosphere
  • Movement among these pools is over weeks to decades
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6
Q

Flux

A
  • rate of movement of an element between pools
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7
Q

Atmosphere Through Diffusion Will

A
  • have carbon going from surface ocean waters to marine biota then deep ocean waters
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8
Q

4 Major Pools

A
  • Ocean
    - Dissolves CO2
    - But think of the deep oceans
  • Atmosphere
  • Vegetation and soils
  • Rocks and sediments
  • 3 fluxes were unbalanced creating patterns of precipitation (atmosphere, forest and fauna, soils)
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9
Q

Anthropogenic

A
  • Release of C to the atmosphere
  • Before mid-nineteenth century deforestation was the main flux
  • Removing forest canopy warms the soli
  • Increases rates of decomposition and respiration
  • Burning trees release CO2 and small amounts of CO and CH4
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10
Q

In the 20th Century Major Deforestation

A
  • Shifted from the mid-latitudes to the tropics
  • Caused from terrestrial pool results from land use change
  • Mostly from deforestation (20%)
  • From burning fossil fuels (80%)
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11
Q

Since Mid 19th Century

A
  • CO2 concentrations have increased at a rate faster than at any other time in the past 400,00 years
  • Methane is 4x the impact as greenhouse gas than CO2
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12
Q

Emissions of CO2

A
  • more than doubled from 1970-2011
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13
Q

Athabasca Oil Sands

A
  • once a source of oil, economic growth and environmental concern
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14
Q

Fossil Fuels

A
  • Apart of slow carbon cycle/deep carbon soil
  • Further extent of the pools and flux’s carbon going through the mantle cause of subduction zone
  • Deep ocean waters carbon can enter the sedimentary & soil flux
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15
Q

Simplified Global Carbon Cycle

A
  • Deep cycle/slow cycle can divide rocks and sediments and soils as two
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16
Q

Climate Change

A
  • Refers to a directional change in climate over at least three decades
  • Know the difference between weather and climate
  • Weather is local and what you can see out of your window
  • When you look out your window and see the first snowfall and the freezing of the local pond you are witnessing the weather
17
Q

Climate Change is a Much Broader Scale

A
  • For example, a storm is not caused by climate change; however, extreme occurrences occur more frequently, suggesting climate change
18
Q

What is the Reason for Polar Ice Caps Melting

A
  • climate change
  • leading cause to polar bears disappearance
19
Q

Conveyer Belt Surface Water

A
  • Sinks into ocean depths and travels
  • Possibility of carbon being able to be stored through this conveyor belt system
20
Q

Ocean Acidification

A
  • Atmospheric CO2 affects the ocean pH by diffusing in and forming Carbonic acid
  • Destroy base of food chain will destroy the entire ecosystem
  • Ocean environments changing very dramatically
  • Leading problem currently
21
Q

1985-2010

A
  • Noticeable drop in the pH level in ocean water
  • Concerning because organisms, plants, algae, animals, etc. that have calcium carbonate skeletons aren’t being able to form with the presence of carbonic acid