Lecture 2.2: Introducing the Team Players Flashcards
ATP
ADP
What is ATP made of
a base, adenine, a sugar (ribose), and 3 phoephate groups
What is ATP made of
a base, adenine, a sugar (ribose), and 3 phoephate groups
what are the adenine and ribose sugar together called
adenosine
how is ATP used for energy
enzymes remove a phosphate and attach it to a different molecule. This transferred energy can be used by the phosphorylated molecules to change shape and allow activity
What enzyme removes the phosphate on ATP to make ADP
an enzyme of the “kinase” class
The big 3 co-enzymes used for electrons and hydrogen ions H+
NAD, FAD, NADP
what compounds are electron carriers that accept electrons when compounds are broken down
NAD and FAD
Reduced forms of NAD and FAD
NADH and FADH2
why is NADH important
it delivers hydrogen and electrons to biochemical processes that use them to make ATP
_______ takes one H+ and is readily reversible
NAD
_____ takes 2 H+
FAD
______ takes 1 H+ but is very strong
NADH
what does NAD+ stand for
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
reduced form of NAD+
NADH
Why is NAD+ important
it is a key player in glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and in mitochondria
T or F: NAD is a dinucleotide
t
what does FAD stand for
flavin adenine dinucleotide
what is used to derive FAD
Roboflavin
what enzyme do NAD and FAD work in association with
dehydrogenase
what does NADP+ stand for
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
where is NADP used
in the calvin cycle (photosynthesis), lipid and nucleic acid synthesis
reduced form of NADP+
NADPH
main role of NADPH
is a very strong reducing agent used for photosynthesis and lipid metabolism
What does Acetyl CoA stand for
Acetyl Coenzyme A
A stands for Acetyl
what does the enzyme Nitrate reductase do
converts NO3-2 to NO2-
what cofactors and coenzymes are associated with Nitrate reductase
Iron cofactors
NADH and FAD coenzymes
