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PLSC 317 > Lecture 13 Lipids > Flashcards

Lecture 13 Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

Lipid

A

an apolar organic molecule that is soluble in chloroform

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2
Q

t/f: lipids are always soluble in water

A

f, they are hardy soluble

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3
Q
A
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4
Q

what does a typical regular lipid consist of

A

a typical lipid
glycerol backbone
ester links
long aliphatic chain

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5
Q

types of lipids in the membrane structure

A

glycerolipids, sphingolipids, sterols

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6
Q

types of lipids in the storage

A

tri-acylglycerols (TAGs), waxes

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7
Q

types of lipids in the electron transfer

A

chylorophyll and chromophores, ubiquinone, plastoquinone

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8
Q

types of lipids in the photoprotection

A

carotenoids

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9
Q

types of lipids in the membrane protection

A

tocopherols

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10
Q

types of lipids in the water proofing and protection

A

long and very long chain fatty acids: cutin, suberin, wax

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11
Q

types of lipids in the protein associations

A

14:0 and 16:0 fatty acids, farnesyl and geranyl compounds phosphatidyl-inositol and -ceramide

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12
Q

types of lipids in the signalling

A

plant hormones, diacyl-glycerols, insect attractants

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13
Q

types of lipids in the defense

A

essential oils, latex resin

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14
Q

where can we find lipids in plant tissue

A

in cells as membranes, plastids, and oil bodies

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15
Q

a leaf has only ____% lipid

A

6

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16
Q

what are lipids made from

A

Acetyl-CoA

17
Q

where are lipids made

A

chloroplast and cytosol

18
Q

where are lipids broken down

A

peroxisomes aka glyoxysome

19
Q

where are lipids stored

A

membranes, oil bodies

20
Q

Plants _________ transport lipid

A

do not

21
Q

what is making fatty acids called

A

fatty acid synthesis or the fatty acid spiral

22
Q

what is breaking fatty acids called

A

beta oxidation

23
Q

5 parts of making lipids

A

1) acetyl- CoA precursor
2) do nova synthesis: fatty acid spiral
3) Desaturation
4) Elongation
5) Modifications

24
Q

what enzymes are in fatty acid synthesis

A

acetyl-CoA carboxylase and FAS

25
Q

when does the the fatty acid synthesis spiral stop

A

C18

26
Q

what are TAGs hydrolyzed by and why

A

hydrolyzed by lipases
to free fatty acids and glycerol

27
Q

what do we find when we extract lipids from the plant

A

lots of free fatty acids from DAGs, diacyl-glycerols, and lots phospholipids from membranes

28
Q

what does Rx mean

A

chain

29
Q

saturated =

A

straight chain

30
Q

unsaturated with 3 double bonds =

A

kinked or bent

31
Q

where are DAGs and TAGs made

A

ER

PLSC 317 (8 decks)

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