lecture 21 - childhood disorders 1 Flashcards
What is the difference between a Intellectual Disability (IDD) and a specific learning disability?
IDDs have global difficulties in information processing which specific learning disabilities involve specific cognitive difficulties
What are the 3 DSM-5 criteria for an Intellectual Disability?
1.) deficits in intellectual functioning (reasoning, problem solving, planning, learning, judgement)
2.) deficits in adaptive function leading to failure to develop socially acceptable independence and social responsibility
3.) onset during developmental period
What are the 2 conceptualised types of Intellectual Disability?
Delay and difference
What is a ‘delay’ in terms of intellectual disability?
Development occurring in the same way as typical, but is slower and the normal level is not reached
What is a ‘difference’ in terms of intellectual disability?
Different pattern of intellectual development to normal, with normal levels never reached
Are ‘delays’ or ‘differences’ more common in mild intellectual disability?
Delays
Are ‘delays’ or ‘differences’ more common in severe intellectual disabilities?
Differences
Are intellectual disabilities more common in males or females?
Males
What are the adverse prenatal environments that can result in intellectual disability for the child?
Alcohol use, lead poisoning, maternal infection
What are the 3 domains of Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Social, Communication, Repetitive & Restrictive Behaviour
What is the DSM-5 criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder?
1.) social & language difficulty: social-emotional reciprocity, nonverbal communicative behaviours, relationships
2.) 2+ restricted/repetitive behaviours
3.) symptoms present in childhood
4.) clinically significant impairment
What is Social Communication Disorder?
Related to ASD, involves pragmatic difficulties with language & communication, but without restricted/repetitive behaviour
What are the risk factors for autism?
family history, maternal/paternal age, perinatal complications
What eating difficulties commonly present with ASD?
Restricted range of foods, aversion to textures
What are the 2 most common supports provided for children with ASD?
Occupational therapy, speech-language therapy