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Head and Neck > Lecture 2 Throat > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Throat Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 2 parts of the oral cavity

A

Oral vestibule

Oral cavity proper

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2
Q

What are the boundaries of the oral cavity

A

Lips to palatoglossl arch
Palate to floor of mouth/tongue
Buccal mucosa

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3
Q

What muscle does the parotid duct pass over and what muscle does it pierce

A

Masseter muscle

Buccinator muscle into oral cavity on the inner surface of the cheek opposite the maxillary 2nd molar

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4
Q

What separates the deep and superficial lobes of the submandibular gland

A

Mylohyoid muscle

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5
Q

What branch of the mandibular division of the Trigeminal nerve supplies general somatic afferent innervation to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue

A

Lingual nerve

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6
Q

What does the lingual nerve also carry that is not part of the Trigeminal nerve

A

Chorda tympani nerve of the facial nerve

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7
Q

What is the function of the chorda tympani of the facial nerve

A

provides special sensation (taste) to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue

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8
Q

What are the oral cavity functions

A 
Taste
Mastication
Speech
Digestion
Swallowing
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9
Q

What are the 2 parts of the tongue

A

Anterior 2/3rds

Posterior 1/3rd

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10
Q

Where does the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue originate from

A

1st branchial arch

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11
Q

Where does the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue originate from

A

3rd branchial arch

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12
Q

What nerve supplies the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue

A

CN IX

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13
Q

What nerve supples the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue

A

 Sensation by lingual nerve (branch of CN V3)

 Taste by chorda tympani (branch of CN VII)

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14
Q

What structures form the projections on the tongue

A

Filiform papillae
Fungiform papillae
Folliate papillae
Circumvallate papillae

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15
Q

What projection on the tongue does not contain taste buds

A

Filliform papillae

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16
Q

What type of muscles does the tongue contain

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic

17
Q

What are the functions of the intrinsic and extrinsic muscle

A
  • Intrinsic muscles (alter shape)

* Extrinsic muscles (alter position)- Genioglossus, styloglossus, hyoglossus and palatoglossus

18
Q

Name the nerve supply of the muscles of the tongue

A

CN XII: hypoglossal nerve supply all except for palatoglossus – pharyngeal plexus (CN IX - X)

19
Q

Name the four muscles of mastication

A
  1. Lateral pterygoid
  2. Medial pterygoid
  3. Temporalis
  4. Masseter
20
Q

What is the nerve supply of the muscles of mastication and their function

A

CN V3

Acting on TMJ

21
Q

What epithelium lines the oropharynx and what is its nerve supply

A

Stratified, non-keratinised squamous

Pharyngeal plexus- CN IX & X

22
Q

What is the blood supply of the Laryngopharynx and nerve supply

A

the Superior Thyroid Artery, the Lingual Artery and the Ascending Pharyngeal Artery.
Pharyngeal plexus

23
Q

What are the 3 subsides of the laryngopharynx

A
  1. Pyriform sinus
  2. Post-cricoid area
  3. Posterior pharyngeal wall
24
Q

What are 3 phases of swallowing

A

Oral phase
Pharyngeal
Oesophagus

25
Q

Name the afferent and efferent nerves involved in the swallowing reflex

A

afferent: CN V, IX, X – swallowing centre in medulla – efferent: CN VII, X, XII)

26
Q

Describe the pharyngeal phase of swallowing

A
  • Soft palate pulled upwards
  • Epiglottis covers the larynx, vocal cord approximate, larynx moves upward
  • Upper oesophageal sphincter (UOS) relaxes
  • Respiration is reflex inhibited
27
Q

What is the function of the Larynx

A

Respiration
Voice
Swallowing

28
Q

What are the 3 parts of the larynx

A

 Supraglottis
 Glottis
 Subglottic

29
Q

What are the cartilages that make up the larynx

A

Cricoid
Thyroid
Epiglottic
Arytenoid

30
Q

Name the function of the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the larynx

A

Extrinsic muscles (infrahyoid, suprahyoid, and thyrohyoid) of the larynx move the entire laryngeal complex while intrinsic muscles regulate movement of the vocal folds(arytenoids

31
Q

What is the innervation of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx

A

(CN X) Recurrent laryngeal nerve except for cricothyroid muscle (external laryngeal nerve)

32
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the supraglottic, glottic and subglottic region

A

 Supraglottic: internal laryngeal nerve

 Glottic and subglottic: recurrent laryngeal nerve

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