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DPT 803: Neurobio 2 > Lecture 2: Ss system- DCML > Flashcards

Lecture 2: Ss system- DCML Flashcards

1
Q

what is a macroscopically

A

structures that detect stimuli

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2
Q

what is a microscopically

A

molecules interacting with the stimuli

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3
Q

what is the breakdown for a receptor

A

directly detecting a stimuli, rich in mitochondria
1. cell so a neuron (olfactory receptor neuron) or non-neuron ccell (hair, rods/cones, merkel)
2. nerve ending so specialized capsules or free nerve ending

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4
Q

what does a mechanoreceptor detect

A

touch
vibration
stretch

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5
Q

what does a chemoreceptor detect

A

taste
smell
pH
O2

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6
Q

what does a thrmoreceptor detect

A

cold to hot
flavor of food

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7
Q

what does a nociceptor detect

A

noxious stimuli

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8
Q

what is the function of free nerve endings

A

functions of all receptors
differentiated through electric stimulation

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9
Q

what is special sensory receptors

A

electromagnetic waves such as rods/cones

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10
Q

how is conscious localization maintained

A

projecting to S1 to maintain somatotopy

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11
Q

how is unconscious localization maintained

A

projecting to subcortical structures
RF or cerebellum

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12
Q

how do the receptors encode duration of the stimuli

A

receptor graded potential is what measures duration. when the stimuli stops so does the receptor graded potential. however, it can have lagging effects

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13
Q

how do the receptor graded potential encode intensity of the stimuli

A

changes with the stimuli
amplitude for intensity

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14
Q

how do the receptor action potential encode intensity of the stimuli

A

changes with the receptor graded potential
frequency for intensity

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15
Q

how does transduction of receptors work

A

stimulants are neurotransmitters from the stimuli that bind with receptor cells or nerve endings

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16
Q

what channels/receptors are used for post synaptic membrane

A

ionotropic receptor: ligand/modality gated ion channels
metabotropic receptor: G protein coupled receptors

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17
Q

what are the effects when transduction occurs at the receptors

A

excitatory: EPSP, depolar
inhibitory: IPSP, hyperpolar

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18
Q

where is the potential initiated if receptor is a cell

A

receptor graded potential close to soma of sensory system

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19
Q

where is the potential initiated if receptor is a specialized/free nerve ending

A

receptor graded potential far away from soma of sensory system

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20
Q

what is the function of the meissner corpuscle

A

flutter and movement
vibration

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21
Q

what is the function of the pacinian corpuscle

A

vibration

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22
Q

what is the function of the ruffini corpuscle

A

skin stretch

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23
Q

what is the function of the hair follicle

A

movement

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24
Q

what is the function of the merkel complex

A

touch, pressure, form, perceiving edges

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25
what is the function of free nerve endings
pain, touch, temperature
26
what cutaneous receptors are rapid adapting receptors
meissner, pacinian and hair follicle
27
what cutaneous receptors are slow adapting receptors
ruffini and merkel complex
28
what are rapid adapting receptors
produce graded and action potential discharges that follow time varying waveform of pressure changes produced by vibration ex. vibration or movement
29
what are slow adapting receptors
produce graded and action potential discharges that are sustained and unable to mimic the time-varying pattern of the stimulus ex. sustain pressure
30
what cutaneous receptors have type II/AB
meissner pacinian ruffini hair follicle merkel
31
what cutaneous receptors have type III/Ao
free nerve ending
32
what cutaneous receptors have type II/AB and III/Ao
hair follicle
33
what is unique about Ab neuron axons in the skin
large diameter, myelinated axons with fast conduction most on lips and fingertips
34
what clinical test is used for fine touch to test the cutaneous receptors
2 pt discrimination
35
what is the function and type of the muscle spindle
muscle stretch 1a/Aa or II/AB
36
what is the function and type of the GTO in the m
muscle tension Ib/Aa
37
what is the function and type of the jt pacinian
jt movement II/AB
38
what is the function and type of the jt ruffini
jt pressure II/AB
39
what is the function and type of the GTO in the jt
jt torque II/AB
40
what proprioceptive receptors are slow adapting receptors
m spindle m GTO jt ruffini jt GTO
41
what proprioceptive receptors are fast adapting receptors
m spindle jt pacinian
42
what are the structural m fibers
nuclear chain and bag cells
43
what is the extrafusal m cell
alpha neuron cell
44
what is the intrafusal m cell
gamma motor neuron type 1a (Aa) or 1b (AB) sensory neuron innervation for proprioception and motor
45
what is the clinical test for vibration in the skeletal m cells
tuning fork 128 Hz pacinian type
46
what is the DCML ascending pathway
1- DRG 2- caudal medulla; gracile nucleus or cuneate nucleus 3- VPL
47
what is the function of the shell and core for VPM/L
shell- proprioception core- vibration/fine touch
48
what is the clinical importance of DCML somatotopy being maintained
brialle reading stereognosis test
49
what is the blood supply before decussation in DCML
dorsal column neck to LE- lat to med post sp artery
50
what is the blood supply after decussation in the pons of the DCML
medial leminscus neck to LE- med to lat INVERTED basilar branch, PICA, AICA
51
what is the blood supply after decussation in the rostral medulla of the DCML
medial leminscus neck to lE- post to ant ant sp artery
52
what is DCML functional loss
Tabes Dorsalis progressive locomotor ataxia/sensory ataxia
53
what causes Tabes Dorsalis and the physiology
infection with treponemaa pallidum (STD) resulting in neurosyphillis DCML degeneration
54
what are S&S of Tabes Dorsalis
wide based stance/ feet grasping with floor/steppage gait
55
what is the trigeminothalamic pathway for face and ant scalp
1. somata: trigeminal ganglion or mesencephalic nucleus 2- main sensory nucleus 3- VPM
56
what is the function of the trigeminal ganglion in the trigeminothalamic pathway
fine touch, vibration, limited proprioception
57
what is the function of the mesencephalic nucleus in the trigeminothalamic pathway
proprioception of m/jt/peridontal ligaments
58
what is the brodman area for proprioception
3a= m spindle and GTO 2= jt capsule
59
what functions are for brodman areas 3b and 1
fine/crude touch sharp pain/temp
60
what is the pathway for the mesencephalic nucleus in the trigeminocerebellar pathway
ipsi cerebellum thru sup cerebellar peduncle mossy or climbing fibers
61
what is the pathway for the sp trigeminal nucleus in the trigeminocerebellar pathway
ipsi cerebllum thru inf cerebellar peduncle climbing fibers
62
where does the ant spinocerebellar tract decussate and then ascend to
after clarke's nucleus thru ant white commisure to ascend contra to spinocerebellum
63
where does the ant spinocerebellar tract go through
sup cerebellar peduncle bilateral mossy or climbing fibers
64
where does the rostral spinocerebellar tract go through
sup/inf cerebellar peduncle mossy or climbing fibers
65
where do the proprioceptive axons synapse in the post spinocerebellar tract
clarkes nucleus
66
what is the pathway for unconscious proprioception
ascend ipsi thru inf cerebellar peduncle to spinocerebellum mossy or climbing fibers
67
what body regions does the post spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar tract control for unconscious proprioception
post- LE and body cuneo- neck

DPT 803: Neurobio 2 (9 decks)

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