Lecture 2 Organics Flashcards
What are hydrocarbons?
Compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only
What are monosaccharides?
Any of the class of sugars (e.g. glucose) that cannot be hydrolysed to give a simpler sugar.
What are disaccharides?
Any of a class of sugars whose molecules contain two monosaccharide residues.
What are condensation reactions?
A condensation reaction is a reaction in which two molecules combine to form a single molecule. A small molecule, often water, is usually removed during a condensation reaction
What are alcohols?
The simplest oxygen containing functional group
What is the oxygen functional group of an alcohol attached to the carbon chain called?
A hydroxyl group OH
What is the functional group of an alcohol?
R-OH
What is R?
R stands for the carbon chain
Do alcohols have higher or lower boiling points?
Higher due to the increased polarity and the ability to hydrogen bond
In water which atom has the partial negative charge?
The oxygen
In water which atom has the partial positive charge?
The two hydrogens
How are the molecules in water attracted to eachother?
Through the electrostatic attraction of the permanent dipoles
Are alcohols less or more polar the longer the hydrocarbon chain?
Less
Synthesis of alcohols uses what?
The reactivity of the alkene functional group
Two carbons join to the same oxygen to form what?
An ether
