Lecture 2: Introduction to blood group serology Flashcards
What are blood group antigens?
- Glycoproteins and glycolipids present on the surface of RBCs
What is the functional significance of the Duffy blood group system?
- Entry point to red cell fo rmalarial parasite
- Individuals with Fya- fyb- phenotype have malarial resistance
What is the functional significance of the Mcleoud blood group phenotype?
- Kx null phenotype associated with Chrnoic Granulomatous disease and acanthocytosis
What is the mechanism of naturally occurring blood group antibodies?
- Antibodies not present at birth but develop later on in life
- Due to exposure to bacteria with similar antigens
IgM/IgG component is more significant in naturally occurring blood group antibodies
- IgM (some IgG may be present)
Immune stimulated blood group antibodies are usually IgM/IgG in nature
- IgG
Which type of blood group antibodies causes complement activation?
- Naturally occurring
Which enzyme is significant in determining ABO phenotype?
- Glycosyltransferase
Which CHO is present on: A blood cells B blood cells O blood cells
- A = N Acetyl Galactosamine
- B = D galactose
- O = Nil
What blood type is the: a) universal donor b) universal recipient
- a) O
- b) AB
Anti-D is an ___ antibody that causes ___ red cell destruction
- IgG
- Extravascular
What are the 3 important minor blood group systems:
- Kell
- Kidd
- Duffy
Which technique is most commonly used in routine blood testing?
- Agglutination
What is zeta potential?
- The negative charge on a red blood cell
Why do IgG molecules require a potentiator to produce agglutination?
- Molecule is too small to produce cross linking
