Lecture 2 - Introduction to Biochemistry #2 Flashcards
What does the Central Dogma of Biology state
the message contained in the DNA is transcribed to mRNA and translated to protein.
What determines the protein’s function
The structure of the protein
What determines how the protein folds
Sequence of amino acids
What is the primary structure?
The sequence of amino acids
What is the secondary structure?
Alpha helices and beta sheets formed by side chain interaction
What is tertiary structure?
3D structure of secondary structure interacting. Parts further apart in molecules may be brought closer together
What are hydrogen bonds?
Between hydrogen and oxygen
What is a hydrolysis reaction?
When water is added to break a bond
What is the energy currency of a cell?
ATP
Where is ATP generated?
In the electron transport chain of the mitochondria
How is ATP made?
Through the oxidation of fuel molecules (mainly glucose and fats but also proteins)
What synthesises ATP?
A protein (ATP Synthase)
