Lecture 2: Immunity-define, describe, history and evolution Flashcards
What did Celsus discover
Cardinal signs of inflammation: Redness Swelling Heat Pain
What did Galen discover
The loss of function which added to the cardinal signs of inflammation
What were the first two methods that gave immunity to small pox
The Chinese inhaled and the Turks inserted into cuts crust from small pox pustules
What did Lady Mary Wortley Montague due
Vaccinated her children from small pox and introduced the technique to Britain and the West
How did people use cow pox
Cowpox from cows immunized people to small pox
What did John Snow do
When there was a cholera outbreak in London he figured out that it ventured around a well and removed the pump, epidemiology
What did Robert Koch do
- formed Koch’s postulates
- discovered microbes cause wounds to go septic
- identified bacteria for TB and cholera
What were Koch’s postulates
- organisms should be constantly present in diseased individual and not present in healthy individual
- the organism must be cultured in pure culture
- the culture when inoculate into animals should give them the disease
- the process should be able to repeat
What is the exception to Koch’s postulates
Prions
Who was Louis Pasteur
- discovered pretreatment with cholera bacteria gave protection
- anthrax vaccine on sheep
- rabies vaccine for dogs
- treated guy with rabies vaccines
Who was Paul Ehrlich
He believed that binding of a toxin to a specific side chai would trigger production of more side chains (wrong)
What did Metchnikoff do
Observed urchins and came up with the concept of cell mediated immunity, or white cells have immunity
