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ANP 1105 > Lecture 2 - Cells + Tissues > Flashcards

Lecture 2 - Cells + Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What is a tissue?

A

It is a group of similar cells that perform a common function.

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2
Q

What is histology?

A

The study of tissues

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3
Q

What are the 4 basic tissue types?

A
  1. Connective
  2. Nervous
  3. Muscle
  4. Epithelial
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4
Q

What are the 3 nervous tissues?

A
  • brain
  • spinal cord
  • nerves
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5
Q

Muscle tissues? (3)

A

-skeletal
-smooth
-cardiac

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6
Q

Epithelial tissue? (2)

A
  • glandular
  • lining
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7
Q

Connective tissues? (3)

A
  • bone
  • tendons
  • fat
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8
Q

What are the 6 epithelial functions + answers?

A
  1. Protect (skin)
  2. Absorb (GI tract)
  3. Secrete (pancreases)
  4. Excrete (kidney)
  5. Filter (kidney)
  6. Sensory (skin)
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9
Q

Study diagram

A

Look under sticky notes

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10
Q

What are the 7 special structural characteristics of epithelium?

A
  1. Basal lamina
  2. A vascular
  3. Polar
  4. Special contacts
  5. Cellularity
  6. Regenerative
  7. Connective tissue
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11
Q

Why do epithelial cells have high cancer affinity?

A

Due to their high regenerative property and basal lamina that does not comply to rules it can attract cancer like cells.

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12
Q

Name the 3 different cell shapes.

A
  1. Squamous
  2. Cuboidal
  3. Columnar
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13
Q

Name the 2 different cell layers.

A
  1. Simple (one layer)
  2. Stratified (multiple layers)
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14
Q

How do we classify stratified epithelium when multiple cells are present?

A

The top most layer of the epithelium is the name.

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15
Q

Simple squamous epithelium
- 3 functions
- 5 locations

A
  • single layer of squamous
    = secrete, filter, diffuse
    = lung, kidney, heart, vessel, serosae
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16
Q

Simple cuboidal epithelium
- 2 function
- 3 locations

A
  • in circle form of single layer of epithelium
    = secretion, absorption
    = kidney, glands, ovary
17
Q

Simple columnar epithelium
= 3 functions
= 4 location

A

-single layer of cells that line the skin
= absorb, secrete propel
= digestive, ducts, bronchi, gall bladder

18
Q

Pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium
- 1 function
-2 locations

A

-columnar cells that are deformed and not all touch both inside and outside
= secrete
= trachea, make sperm

19
Q

Stratified squamous
-1 function
-4 locations

A

= protection
= esophagus, mouth, skin, vagina

20
Q

Glandular epithelium
-definition
- how classified?

A
  • one or more cells that makes and secretes an aqueous fluid
    = site of production (endocrine/exocrine)
    = # of cells (uni/multicellular)
21
Q

What do endocrine glands do?

A

Release product directly into the blood, ductless.

22
Q

What do exocrine glands do?

A

They release the product into ducts

23
Q

What two kinds of exocrine glands?

A
  1. Unicellular (one cell, no duct = goblet cell)
  2. Multicellular (duct, surrounded by CT)
24
Q

How to classify multicellular glands?

A
  1. What look like (structure)
  2. How secrete (secretion)
25
Q

What are the different structures of multicellular glands?

A

Simple or compound

26
Q

How are multicellular glands divided by secretion?

A
  • holocrine (accumulate until blow)
  • apocrine (accumulate until cut off)
  • morocrine (exocytosis)
27
Q

List all 5 types of CT

A

-blood
-bone
-cartilage
-CT proper
-mesenchyme

28
Q

List the 5 main functions of connect tissue.

A
  1. protect
  2. Structure
  3. Store
  4. Insulation
  5. Transport
29
Q

3 structural elements of CT

A
  1. Ground substance - fibronectin
  2. Fibers (3) - collagen/elastic/reticular
  3. Cells (3) - blasts/cytes/other
30
Q

Loose connective tissue (areolar)
-description
-2 functions
-1 location

A

-matrix with all 3 cells
-wrap, cushion
-everywhere under skin

31
Q

What 3 kinds of loose connective description?

A
  1. Areolar
  2. Adipose
  3. Reticular
32
Q

Loose connective tissue (adipose)
-3 functions
-5 locations

A

thin matrix between adipocytes
-store, insulate, protect
-skin, breats, kidney, stomach, eyes

33
Q

Loose connective tissue (reticular)
-1 function
-3 locations

A

Matrix full of reticular fibers
-support
-lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow

34
Q

3 dense connective tissue

A
  1. Dense regular
  2. Dense irregular
  3. Elastic
35
Q

Dense regular
-2 functions
-3 locations

A

-straight, parallel collagen fibers with some fibroblasts
= support, withstand
= tendons(b-m), ligaments(b-b), aponeuroses(m-m)

36
Q

Dense irregular
-1 function
-3 locations

A

Irregular, mix of collagen
- withstand twist and pulls in diff directions
- joint, skin, digestive

37
Q

Elastic dense connective
-1 function
-3 locations

A

Dense regular with a lot of elastic fibers
-recoil back to original shape
-vertebrae, arteries, lung

38
Q

Cartilage
-5 infos
-2 locations

A

-a vascular, chondriton, H2O, slow heal, collagen
-rib cage, ears, nose

39
Q

Blood
-1 function
-1 location

A

-to transport nutrients and ions
-in arteries and veins

ANP 1105 (12 decks)

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