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ENS 306 > Lecture 2 - Anatomy, Dimensions, Math Review > Flashcards

Lecture 2 - Anatomy, Dimensions, Math Review Flashcards

1
Q

What is anatomical reference?

A

Position which movement terms are based. Feet slightly separated, arms hanging at sides, palms facing forward

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2
Q

Define superior/inferior (cranial/caudal)

A

Closer to or father from the head or tail

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3
Q

Define anterior/posterior (ventral/dorsal)

A

Toward front or back

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4
Q

Define medial/lateral

A

Toward or away from the mid-line of the body

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5
Q

Define proximal/distal

A

Closer to or away from the trunk

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6
Q

Define superficial/deep

A

Toward or away from the body’s surface

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7
Q

What are the three anatomical planes?

A

Coronal/frontal, sagittal, transverse

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8
Q

How does the coronal/frontal place divide the body?

A

Divides front and back

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9
Q

How does the sagittal place divide the body?

A

Divides left and right

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10
Q

How does the transverse divide the body?

A

Divides upper and lower

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11
Q

What are the three anatomical axes?

A

Transverse (mediolateral), anteroposterior, and longitudinal

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12
Q

Where does the transverse axis (mediolateral axis) lay?

A

Perpendicular to sagittal plane

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13
Q

Where does the anteroposterior axis lay?

A

Perpendicular to frontal plane

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14
Q

Where does the longitudinal axis lay?

A

Perpendicular to transverse plane

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15
Q

What is flexion?

A

Bending

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16
Q

What is extension?

A

Extending

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17
Q

What is abduction?

A

Movement away from midline

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18
Q

What is adduction?

A

Movement toward the midline

19
Q

What is medial movement?

A

Rotation toward the midline

20
Q

What is lateral movement?

A

Rotation away from midline

21
Q

What motions occur in the sagittal plane?

A

Flexion/extension, hyperextension

22
Q

What is hyperextension?

A

Extension beyond anatomical position

23
Q

What is the flexion/extension of the ankle?

A

Dorsiflexion/plantarflexion

24
Q

What axis do sagittal plane motions occur in?

A

Transverse

25
Q

What motions occur in the frontal plane?

A

Abduction/adduction, lateral flexion, inversion/eversion, scapular elevation/depression, radial/ulnar deviation

26
Q

What axis do frontal plane motions occur in?

A

Anteriorposterior

27
Q

What motions occur in the transverse plane?

A

Pronation/supination, internal/external rotation, horizontal abduction/adduction, trunk/neck rotation,

28
Q

What axis do transverse plane motions occur in?

A

Longitudinal

29
Q

Define complex joint motions

A

Motions with multiple planes/axis involved

30
Q

Name some examples of complex joint motions

A

Circumduction and foot pronation/supination

31
Q

What are the two types of motion?

A

Linear (translation) and angular

32
Q

Define linear motion

A

All points on the body have the same trajectory

33
Q

What are the two types of linear motion?

A

Rectilinear - straight path, and curvilinear - curved path

34
Q

Define angular motion

A

Rotation about an axis, orientation changes, has internal or external axis

35
Q

Define a body in terms of motion

A

Object of analysis. Can be a whole person, part of a person, or inanimate object

36
Q

Define a system in terms of motion

A

Object of analysis that is made up of two or more bodies

37
Q

Define a point in terms of motion

A

Way of representing a body that has no dimensions

38
Q

Define the origin in terms of motion

A

The place where frame of reference begins

39
Q

Define directions in terms of motion

A

Determined by orientation and sense, points toward something

40
Q

Define an axis in terms of motion

A

A straight line running through the origin specifying a direction from the origin

41
Q

What is a scalar?

A

A number, quantity that only has a magnitude, no spatial direction

42
Q

What is a vector?

A

A quantity that has both a magnitude and spatial direction

43
Q

Define position

A

Location in a reference frame, denoted with s

44
Q

What is the magnitude of a vector?

A

Its length

ENS 306 (15 decks)

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