Lecture 2

Question 1

location of neuron cell bodies for sensory afferent

Answer 1

dorsal root ganglion

Question 2

motor pathways that originate in the cerebral cortex and brainstem and travel to muscle

Answer 2

descending spinal cord tracts

Question 3

sensory pathways that originate in the peripheral body and travel to the primary sensory cortex

Answer 3

ascending spinal cord tracts

Question 4

largest of the segmental arteries that supplies the lower spinal cord

Answer 4

radiculus magna (artery Adamkiewicz)

Question 5

contribute to formation of anterior arteries and follow the ventral root

Answer 5

medullary arteries

Question 6

contribute to formation of posterior arteries and follow the dorsal root

Answer 6

radicular arteries

Question 7

rare but serious disorder where spinal roots that comprise the cauda equina become compressed and cause a characteristic pattern of neuromuscular and urogenital systems

Answer 7

cauda equina syndrome

Question 8

L2-Co spinal nerve roots that form a structure that looks like a horse tail in the lumbar cistern that forms the rest of the differential growth of the spinal cord

Answer 8

cauda equina

Question 9

enlargement of the subarachnoid space in a sac containing cauda equina

Answer 9

lumbar cistern

Question 10

anchors dural/thecal sac to sacrum

Answer 10

filum internale externum

Question 11

pia mater extending from tip of conus medullaris to end of dural sac and anchors spinal cord inferiorly

Answer 11

filum internale internum

Question 12

of coccygeal nerves

Answer 12

1

Question 13

of sacral nerves

Answer 13

5

Question 14

of lumbar nerves

Answer 14

5

Question 15

of thoracic nerves

Answer 15

12

Question 16

of cervical nerves

Answer 16

8

Question 17

Gives rise to lumbar and sacral plexuses (groupings of lumbar and sacral spinal nerves)

Answer 17

lumbar enlargement of spinal cord

Question 18

location of lumbar enlargement

Answer 18

L1-S2

Question 19

Gives rise to the cervical and brachial plexuses (groupings of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves)

Answer 19

cervical enlargement of spinal cord

Question 20

location of cervical enlargement

Answer 20

C5-T1

Question 21

space between pia and arachnoid mater that contains CSF, spinal veins and arteries, and is anchored by arachnoid trabeculae

Answer 21

subarachnoid space

Question 22

potential space between dura and arachnoid mater that may be opened due to trauma, disease, or embalming

Answer 22

subdural space

Question 23

space between bone and dural sac that is composed of adipose tissue and internal vertebral venous plexus (Batson’s plexus)

Answer 23

Epidural space

Question 24

paired extensions of pia mater that attach the arachnoid and dura mater; anchor spinal cord laterally in dural sac; run in between ventral and dorsal rootlets of spinal cord as they leave dural sac

Answer 24

denticulate ligaments

Question 25

innermost meningeal layer covering spinal cord

Answer 25

pia mater

Question 26

middle meningeal layer (thin)

Answer 26

arachnoid mater

Question 27

outer meningeal layer (thick)

Answer 27

dura mater

Question 28

tip of spinal cord (T1-T2)

Answer 28

conus medullaris

Question 29

makes up plexuses and will contribute to formation of intercostal and lumbar nerves

Answer 29

ventral ramus

Question 30

innervate skin and other structures on the back

Answer 30

dorsal ramii

Question 31

contain autonomic efferent nuclei (SNS and PNS)

Answer 31

lateral horn of gray matter of spinal cord

Question 32

carry motor efferent impulses to the body

Answer 32

ventral roots of spinal cord

Question 33

outer covering enclosing the spinal cord

Answer 33

dural/thecal sac

Question 34

connects spinal cord to brain

Answer 34

medulla oblongata

Question 35

carry sensory impulses to CNS

Answer 35

dorsal root

Question 36

segmental spinal Arteries that arise from subclavian artery

Answer 36

vertebral aa, ascending cervical aa, deep cervical aa

Question 37

segmental spinal Arteries that arise from descending aorta

Answer 37

intercostal aa, lumbar aa

Question 38

segmental spinal Arteries that arise from internal iliac artery

Answer 38

lateral sacral aa

Question 39

arteries that run longitudinally from the brain stem to the conus medullaris

Answer 39

anterior spinal artery and posterior spinal aa.

Question 40

signals from upper and lower limb to medulla oblongata

Answer 40

first order neurons of dorsal column pathway

Question 41

pick up signal from 1st order neurons and carry it from the fasciculus gracilus or f. cuneatus to the thalamus

Answer 41

second order neurons of dorsal column pathway

Question 42

form the thalamus carry signal from 2nd order neuron to the ipsilateral primary sensory cortex of the brain

Answer 42

third order neurons of dorsal column pathway

Question 43

arise from peripheral sensory receptors in body, enter spinal cord and synapse at the substantia gelatinosa

Answer 43

first order neurons of spinothalamic pathway

Question 44

carry sensory info to the thalamus; touch and pressure uses anterior spinothalamic tract; pain and temp uses lateral spinothalamic tract

Answer 44

second order neurons of spinothalamic pathway

Question 45

from the thalamus carry signal from 2nd order neurons to the ipsilateral primary sensory cortex of the brain

Answer 45

third order neurons of spinothalamic pathway