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Anatomy Exam 1 > Anatomy Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Anatomy Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Principle mass of a bone: with long bones, the shaft; with vertebrae, the anterior, weight-bearing portions between interventricular discs

A

Body

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2
Q

small, round, articular head (humerus)

A

capitulum

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3
Q

rounded, knuckle-like articular area, often occurring in pairs

A

condyle

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4
Q

ridge of bone

A

crest

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5
Q

eminence superior or adjacent to a condyle

A

epicondyle

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6
Q

smooth flat area, usually covered w cartilage where a bone articulates w another bone

A

facet

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7
Q

usually serve protective functions (cranial bones)

A

flat bones

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8
Q

passage through a bone

A

foramen

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9
Q

hollow or depressed area

A

fossa

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10
Q

elongated depresson or furrow

A

groove

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11
Q

large, round articular end

A

head

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12
Q

Varying shapes like bones of face

A

irregular bones

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13
Q

Linear elevation, sometimes called a ridge

A

line

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14
Q

Tubular bone

A

long bones

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15
Q

rounded process

A

malleolus

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16
Q

relatively narrow portion proximal to the head

A

neck

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17
Q

indentation at the edge of a bone

A

notch

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18
Q

extension or projection serving a particular purpose, having a characteristic shape, or extending in a particular direction

A

process

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19
Q

bulge or projection of bone

A

protuberance

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20
Q

bones that develop in certain tendons and are found where tendons cross the ends of long bones in the limbs; protect tendons from excessive wear and often change the angle of the tendons as they pass to their attachments

A

seasmoid bones

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21
Q

the diaphysis or body of a long bone

A

shaft

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22
Q

Cubiodial and are found only in the tarsus

A

short bones

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23
Q

thorn-like process

A

spine

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24
Q

large blunt elevation

A

trochanter

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25
Q

spool-like articular process or process that acts as a pulley

A

trochlea

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26
Q

small raised eminence

A

tubercle

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27
Q

large rounded elevation

A

tuberosity

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28
Q

divides body into left and right sections passing longitudinally through the midlines of the head, neck, and trunk

A

median plane

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29
Q

vertical planes passing through the body parallel to the median plane

A

sagittal plane

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30
Q

vertical planes passing through the body at right angles to median plane, dividing the body into the anterior and posterior parts

A

front (coronal) plane

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31
Q

horizontal planes passing through the body at right angles to the median and frontal plane dividing the body into superior and inferior parts

A

transverse plane

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32
Q

structure that is nearer the vertex (topmost part of cranium)

A

superior

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33
Q

structure nearer to the sole of the foot

A

inferior

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34
Q

towards the feet or tail region

A

caudal

35
Q

back surface of the body

A

posterior

36
Q

front surface of body

A

anterior

37
Q

front part of brain

A

rostral

38
Q

structure nearer to the median plane of body

A

medial

39
Q

structure further away from median plane of body

A

lateral

40
Q

superior aspect of any part that protrudes anteriorly from the body

A

dorsum

41
Q

nearer to the feet and median plane

A

inferomedial

42
Q

nearer to the head and farther away from the median plane

A

superolateral

43
Q

outside of or further away from the center of an organ or cavity

A

external

44
Q

closer to the center of an organ or cavity

A

internal

45
Q

closer to the body when referring to an attachment or limb

A

proximal

46
Q

further away from the main body when referring to limbs or attachments

A

distal

47
Q

paired structures having left and right membranes

A

bilateral

48
Q

paired structures occurring on one side only

A

unilateral

49
Q

occurring on the opposite side of the body relative to another

A

contralateral

50
Q

occurring on the same side of the body as another structure

A

ipsilateral

51
Q

bending or decreasing the angle between the bones or parts of the body

A

flexion

52
Q

straightening or increasing the angle between the bones or other body parts

A

extension

53
Q

flexion at the ankle joint

A

dorsiflexion

54
Q

bends the foot and toes toward the ground

A

plantarflexion

55
Q

extension of a limb or part beyond the normal limit

A

hyperextension

56
Q

means moving away from away from the median plane (except for digits)

A

abduction

57
Q

means moving toward the median plane (except for digits)

A

adduction

58
Q

circular movement that involves sequential flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction in such a way that the distal end of the part moved in a circle

A

circumduction

59
Q

involves turning or revolving a part of the body around its longitudinal axis

A

rotation

60
Q

rotates the radius medially so that the palm of the hand faces posteriorly

A

pronation

61
Q

rotating radius laterally and up tossing the ulna

A

supanation

62
Q

moves sole of the foot away from the median plane turning the sole laterally

A

eversion

63
Q

moves the sole of foot toward median plane turning sole medially

A

inversion

64
Q

movement by which the pad of the 1st digit is brought to another digit pad

A

opposition

65
Q

movement of 1st digit from opposition back to its anatomical position

A

reposition

66
Q

movement forward (anteriorly) as in mandible

A

protrusion

67
Q

movement posteriorly or backwards as in mandible

A

retrusion

68
Q

raises or moves parts superiorly

A

elevation

69
Q

lowers or moves parts inferiorly

A

depression

70
Q

united by a joint capsule spanning and enclosing a joint or articulate cavity (most common)

A

synovial joints

71
Q

united by fibrous tissue and movement depends on length of fibers

A

fibrous joint

72
Q

united by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

A

cartilaginous joint

73
Q

permit gliding or sliding movements in the plane of articular surfaces

A

plane joints

74
Q

permit flexion and extension only; movements occur in one plane around a single axis that runs transversely (uniaxial)

A

hinge joints

75
Q

permit abduction and adduction as well as flexion and extension; biaxial movements

A

saddle joints

76
Q

permit flexion and extension as well as abduction and adduction and circumduction

A

condyloid joints

77
Q

allow movements in multiple axes and planes; flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, medial/lateral rotation, and circumduction; multiaxial

A

ball and socket joints

78
Q

permit rotation around a central axis; uniaxial

A

pivot joints

79
Q

considers the organization of body as major parts/segments and focuses only on a specific part, area, or region; examining arrangement and relationships of the various systemic structures within it

A

regional anatomy

80
Q

study of the body’s organ systems that work together to carry out complex functions

A

systemic anatomy

81
Q

emphasizes aspects of bodily structure and function; incorporates regional and systemic and stresses clinical application; often involves inverting or reverting the thought process

A

clinical anatomy

82
Q

outer connective tissue layer or sheath of blood vessels

A

tunica adventitia

83
Q

middle layer of blood vessels consisting primarily of smooth muscle

A

tunica media

84
Q

inner lining of blood vessels consisting of extremely flattened epithelial cells (endothelium) supported by delicate connective tissue

A

tunica intima

Anatomy Exam 1 (7 decks)

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