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Old Peds > Lecture 2- 9/26 > Flashcards

Lecture 2- 9/26 Flashcards

1
Q

In order for a child to not have an immunization for religious reasons what much they have?

A

notarized letter from religious official

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2
Q

When does the AAP recommends formal vision and hearing tests?

A

4 years

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3
Q

When should children start walking?

A

15 months

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4
Q

When should a child sit up on their own?

A

6 months

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5
Q

4 groups for milestones

A

Fine motor
gross motor
language
social/ cognitive

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6
Q

What is the BAER (or ABR) test for?

A

Hearing (brainstem auditory evoked response)

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7
Q

What is the most common deficiency in infants?

A

Iron

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8
Q

What test would you do for iron deficiency?

A

Hgb/ Hct

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9
Q

avoids the development of a disease. Most population-based health promotion activities are primary preventive measures.

A

Primary prevention

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10
Q

activities are aimed at early disease detection, thereby increasing opportunities for interventions to prevent progression of the disease and emergence of symptoms

A

secondary prevention

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11
Q

What type of prevention is a PAP

A

secondary

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12
Q

what type of prevention is an immunizations?

A

primary

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13
Q

reduces the negative impact of an already established disease by restoring function and reducing disease-related complications.

A

Tertiary prevention

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14
Q

What type growth patterns if FOC and heigh ok, weight low

A

Type I

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15
Q

What type growth pattern is FOC, heigh, and weight low.

A

Type III

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16
Q

What growth pattern would FOC OK, height and weight low be?

A

Type II

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17
Q

What type of growth pattern deficiency is the worst? Why?

A

Type III, can delay brain development

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18
Q

When should a child begin a social smile?

A

3 months

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19
Q

when should a baby be able to watch faces intently?

A

3 months

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20
Q

when should a child be able to walk alone?

A

2 years

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21
Q

when should a child be able to count to 10?

A

5 years

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22
Q

When should a baby be able to control their head?

A

3 months

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23
Q

When should a baby be able to roll over?

A

4 months

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24
Q

When should a baby be able to crawl?

A

9 months

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25
Q

A what age should a baby be able to add thumb in ranking motion?

A

5months

26
Q

when should a child get a good pincer grasp?

A

9 months (up to 12 months)

27
Q

when should a baby feed themselves?

A

6 months

28
Q

when should a baby say their first words?

A

12 months

29
Q

Causes of white reflex in peds?

A 
Congenital rubella
cataracts
glaucoma
Neuroblastoma 
retinal detachment
30
Q

What is a test to detect electrical impulses in an infant.

A

Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR)

31
Q

When is the newborn screen done?

A

First few days then repeated in first few weeks of life

32
Q

what are some risk factors of iron deficiency?

A

Prematurity, diet (cows, non iron fortified)

33
Q

How do you screen for iron deficiency?

A

Hgb/Hct for high risk infants at 9-12 months and 15-18 months
screen premature infants at 6 months

34
Q

When should cholesterol screening be done if + family history of total cholesterol >250 or CV disease <55 years?

A

Over age 2

35
Q

Immunoglobulins, from pooled donations of individuals. Will not transmit infectious agents.

A

Passive immunity

36
Q

stimulate an immune response. All vaccines routinely given to children are available as thimerisol free

A

active immunity

37
Q

What are examples of killed immunizations?

A 
Flu
cholera
bubonic plaque 
polio
Hep A
38
Q

Vaccines containing killed microorganisms - these are previously virulent micro-organisms which have been killed with chemicals or heat.

A

Killed vaccines

39
Q

examples of live, attenuated viruses

A 
Yellow fever
measles
rubella
mumps 
varicella
live Tb vaccine
40
Q

What are types of immunizations?

A

Killed, Attenuated , Toxoids , Subunit , Conjugate

41
Q

Inactivated toxic compounds in cases where these (rather than the micro-organism itself) cause illness.
Generate immune response to toxin it produces

A

Toxoids

42
Q

Examples of toxoid vaccines

A

Tetanus

Diphtheria

43
Q

Rather than introducing an inactivated or attenuated micro-organism to an immune system (which would constitute a “whole-agent” vaccine), a fragment of it can create an immune response

A

Protein subunit vaccine

44
Q

Examples of protein subunit vaccines

A 
Hepatitis B
Human papillomavirus (HPV)
45
Q

By linking these outer coats to proteins (e.g. toxins), the immune system can be led to recognize the polysaccharide as if it were a protein antigen.

A

Conjugate immunizations

46
Q

Vaccines that use conjugate immunizations

A

Haemophilus influenza type B

PCV

47
Q

How many immunizations are given for Hep B

A

3
first one at birth
2nd 1-2 months
3rd from 6-18 months

48
Q

Cool fact about Hep B vaccination.

A

Can prevent liver cancer

49
Q

What does rotovirus (RV) cause?

A

Severe diarrhea which can lead to sudden dehydration

50
Q

When do you immunize for RV?

A

2, 4, 6, months

51
Q

What does DTaP cover?

A

Diphtheria
Tetanus
Pertussis (acellular)

52
Q

When do you immunize against Hib (causes epiglotitis, meningitis, pneumonia, otitis media)

A 
4 doses total 
2 months
4 months
6 months
12-15 months
53
Q

What is the vaccine for pneumococcal?

A

PCV (13 commonly used, also 27 strain for immunocomprimised) 4 doses

54
Q

When do you give the PCV vaccine?

A

4 doses total
2,4,6, 12-15 months
conjugate vaccine

55
Q

What is IPV vaccine for?

A

Polio virus

56
Q

When do you vaccinate for MMR?

A

2 times; 12-18 months and 4-6 years

57
Q

When do you immunize for varicella?

A

2 times 12-18 months and 4-6 years

58
Q

Does getting the varicella reduce your risk of getting shingles?

A

No, it can actually make you more at risk

59
Q

When do you vaccinate for Hep A?

A

2 doses
12 month -18 months; then 6-18 months after first dose
given to prevent problems associated w/ hep A- doesn’t cause complications later on

60
Q

what is the biggest contraindication to immunizations?

A

Immunocomprimised patients can’t get live vaccines

61
Q

What are the live vaccines?

A 
OPV (Oral polio virus)
MMR
VAR
yellow fever
LAIV (life attenuated influenza virus- not given anymore)

Old Peds (15 decks)

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