Lab 9/27 Flashcards

1
Q
Which of the following isn't typically a problem of term infants?
A- jaundice
B- NEC
C- Pneumonia 
D- Birth Trauma
A

B- NEC

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2
Q
Infant presents with SGA, microcephaly and a large liver on palpation. You see severe anemia on the infants lab. What do you suspect
A. VZV
B. CMV
C. Syphilis
D. Parvo B19
A

D. Parvo B19 (unique for having anemia)

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3
Q

What does CMV have that other TORCH infections don’t?

A

calcifications in the brain

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4
Q

For TORCH infections what lab should you get?

A

IgM

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5
Q

For CMV how could you test for it?

A

Urine test

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6
Q

Why don’t you do IgG’s for infants?

A

IgG means you had it previous (and these cross the placenta).
IgM means you are currently experiencing it, only made by the baby

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7
Q
Lack of red reflex on right eye, notice a grayish white opacity of the lens on the right. What does this most likely represent?
A. congenital cataract
B. retinoblastoma
C. papilledema
D. coloboma
A

A. a congenital cataract

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8
Q

What reflex does retinoblastoma give you?

A

White reflex

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9
Q

What is a coloboma?

A

Pupil is misshapen, looks like a cat’s eye

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10
Q
When considering a workup for early onset sepsis in a newborn, which of the following is least likely?
A. GBS sepsis
B. GBS meningitis
C. E. Coli Sepsis
D. E. Coli UTI
A

D. E. Coli UTI (gut and urine are sterile at birth, takes about a week to colonize)

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11
Q
Which of the following difficulties w/ delivery may result in facial nerve injury or paralysis?
A. Vacuum injury
B. Forceps injury
C. Shoulder distocia
D. Breech delivery
A

B. Forceps injury

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12
Q

What is the palsy name for when the brachial plexus is injury

A

Erb’s palsy

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13
Q

From shoulder distocia what nerves can it affect?

A

Vagus
Left recurrent laryngeal
phrenic

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14
Q
Which of the following teratogens leads to withdrawal symptoms in an exposed fetus/ infant?
A. Opioids (heroin, methadone
B. Alcohol
C. Cocaine
D. Methamphetamines
A

A. Opioids (heroin, methadone)

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15
Q
Breast milk lacks which of the following nutrients
A. Vit K
B. Iron
C. Protein
D. Vit D
A

Vit D (have breast fed babies take supplements)

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16
Q
The AAP recommends formal vision and hearing testing at what age?
A. 6 mo
B. 2 years
C. 4 years
D. 6 years
A

C. 4 years

17
Q

Which of the following development findings is abnormal?
A. 5 months old that can’t sit up w/o support
B. A 16 month old that is not yet walking
C. A 24 month old that says 2-4 word phrases

A

B. A 16 month old that isn’t walking yet (causes- cerebral palsy, being carried everywhere, lack of vision)

18
Q

What is Synagis for?

A

RSV; it is an immunoglobulin (give it preventively)
only given during RSV season and people at high risk of developing RSV w/ moderate to severe symptoms (normal newborn baby doesn’t need this)

19
Q

What babies need Synagis?

A

Heart problems
Cystic fibrosis
other high risk problems

20
Q

Is Synagis a treatment?

A

No, it helps prevent RSV

21
Q
8 hour old term infant with "lethargy, poor feeding, irritability". Find a pink, well developed female /w low tone, reactivity, and mild tachypnea. These symptoms are common with
A. jaundice
B. hypoglycemia
C. PDA
D. NEC
A

B. Hypoglycemia (have no energy)

22
Q

30 min old term infant w/ respiratory distress (tachypnea, grunting, retractions)
Born to a 25 yo mom G2 P2 w/ PROM x 24 and fever during labor
bradycardia on baby during labor
Stat C-section
prenatal labs all negative/ normal
Prenatal vitamins, good prenatal care
What is the differential?

A
Pneumonia
Pneumothorax
TTN (transient tachypnea of newborn) 
sepsis (GBS, E.Coli) 
Meconium aspiration
Pulmonary hypertension
23
Q

What labs would you order for the infant w/ respiratory distress?

A
Chest X-Ray
ABGs
CBC
Blood culture 
possible CSF 
blood sugar 
Urinalysis (older baby) 
Chem 7 (older baby)
24
Q

Normal ABGs in infants?

A

pH 7.35
CO2- 40
O2- 52
Bicarb- 23

25
What does acidosis do?
heart weak | blood vessels clamping down
26
When a baby has pneumonia on 100% oxygen, should their SaO2 be really low?
No, it should be closer to normal
27
List some risk factors in an infant for pulmonary HTN.
sepsis | pneumonia
28
Which head injury is under the periosteum of the skill?
Cephalohematoma
29
Where is Caput succedaneum?
subcutaneous tissue
30
Does cephalohematoms or caput succedaneum resolve faster? Why?
Caput succedaneum because cephalohematoma is deeper, poorer blood supply