Lecture 2 & 3 - Local Anesthetics --> Specific agents to know

Question 1

Discuss Lidocaine

Answer 1

• AN amino amide
• highly versatile and widely used in vet med
• used in all fomrs of local anesthesia
• rapid onset of action (1-5 minutes), relatively short duration (60-120 minutes)
• metbaiolized by the liver (its an amide!)
• also used as an antiarryhythmia agent

Question 2

Discuss Bupivacaine

Answer 2

• an amino amide
• one of the most potent and long acting LAs
• slower onset
• great risk of cariac toxicity
• metabolized by th eliver
• used for infiltration, nerve block, spinal and intrathecal (intrathecal means delivered into the spinal canal)
• ## NOT administerd via IV (cardiac toxicity) or topical (does NOT work)

Question 3

Discuss ropivacaine

Answer 3

• also widely used in vet med
• 5- 10 minute onset while lasting for 5 - 8 hours
• ## thought to be less risk of CV system and CNS toxocity when comparted to bupivacaine

Question 4

Discuss Mepivacaine

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Answer 4

• structurally smilar to lidocaine
• usually has a faster onset and longer durationof action than lidocaone

Question 5

Discuss procaine

Answer 5

• an amino ester
• non irritating and promtly effective
• relatively brief period of anesthesia (45-60 minutes) that can be lenghtened bwith vasoconstrictors
• rapoidly hydrolyzed by pseduocholinesterases

Question 6

Discuss proparacaine

Answer 6

used in the eye (fast onset and shorter duration)

Question 7

Discuss amino esters nd amino amides