Lecture 2

Question 1

What has the rapid use of fossil fuels pumped into the air

Answer 1

Carbon dioxide

Question 2

Carbon dioxide in the air has led to ___

Answer 2

Temperature rise

Question 3

Temperature rise is due to the ___

Answer 3

Greenhouse effect

Question 4

Why is there seasonal variation in carbon dioxide levels

Answer 4

Changes in vegetation in the north and south hemispheres

Question 5

Why will we likely stop pumping CO2 into the atmosphere

Answer 5

We have likely already reached the peak of oil production

Question 6

Are fossil fuels renewable

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Sustainability

Answer 7

The ability of a process to continue indefinitely without depleting any of the material or energy resources required to keep in running

Question 8

Industries that constantly worry about sustainability

Answer 8

Fishing and forestry

Question 9

What does sustainable energy require

Answer 9

The production of energy that does not deplete resources

Question 10

Options for sustainable energy

Answer 10

1. hydro
2. solar
3. wind
4. geothermal
5. bioenergy

Question 11

Energy that is an alternative but not sustainable

Answer 11

Nuclear

Question 12

Hydro

Answer 12

Water power

Question 13

Water power is indrect ___

Answer 13

Solar power

Question 14

Water power provides __/6th of the world’s annual electrical output and over ___% of the electricity produced from renewables

Answer 14

1
90%

Question 15

Hydro power is derived from ____

Answer 15

The hydrological climate cycle

Question 16

Hydro power is powered by ___

Answer 16

Solar energy

Question 17

Tidal energy is the result of ___

Answer 17

The interaction of the gravitational pull of the moon (and the sun to some extent) on the seas

Question 18

What do tidal energy schemes rely on

Answer 18

Twice-daily tides and the flows and ebbs in estuaries and other bodies of water

Question 19

Problem in feeding power from tidal barrage into the national grid networks

Answer 19

Tidal energy inputs come in short bursts (approx. 12 hour intervals)

Question 20

Power can be produced for ___ hours during spring tides

Answer 20

5-6

Question 21

Power can be produced for __ hours during neap tides

Answer 21

3

Question 22

How long does a tidal cycle last

Answer 22

12.4 hours

Question 23

___ is the ultimate source of most of our renewable energy

Answer 23

Sun

Question 24

Types of solar energy

Answer 24

• Solar thermal
• Photovoltaics

Question 25

Solar thermal

Answer 25

Using the sun to produce heat

Question 26

Photovoltaic

Answer 26

Using the sun to generate electricity

Question 27

Forms of low and high temperature solar thermal technology

Answer 27

- Active solar heating - Solar thermal engines - Passive solar heating - Daylighting

Question 28

Active solar heating

Answer 28

Involves a discrete solar collector usually mounted on a roof

Question 29

Solar thermal engines

Answer 29

Produce temperatures high enough to drive steam turbines to produce electricity

Question 30

Passive solar heating

Answer 30

Solar energy used directly in a building to reduce energy required

Question 31

Daylighting

Answer 31

Uses natural daylight through building design

Question 32

The net solar power input to the earth is more than ___X humanity's current rate of fossil and nuclear fuel use

Answer 32

10,000

Question 33

Photovoltaics cells are typically made of ____

Answer 33

Silicon

Question 34

Second most abundant element in the earth's crust

Answer 34

Silicon

Question 35

Where in the US is solar technology suitable

Answer 35

All states

Question 36

What are many windmills used for

Answer 36

Water pumping

Question 37

Can all states use wind turbines to generate electricity

Answer 37

Most can, but some areas are more suited than others

Question 38

Only form of renewable energy that is independent of the sun

Answer 38

Geothermal

Question 39

Source of geothermal energy

Answer 39

Within the earth

Question 40

How to use geothermal energy

Answer 40

One or more boreholes are drilled into the reservoir, and the hot fluid flows or is pumped to the surface. The hot fluid is then used in conventional steam turbines or heating equipment

Question 41

Is geothermal energy production available throughout the US

Answer 41

No, but heat exchange systems for houses are available in most places (but they do not typically generate electricity)

Question 42

Renewable energy is __ and __ specific

Answer 42

Location and resource specific