Lecture 2

Question 1

What is the definition of cellular respiration?

Answer 1

The metabolic harvest of energy by oxidation

Question 2

What chemical process “runs the show” regarding the process of cellular respiration?

Answer 2

Oxidation Reduction Reaction (sometimes referred to as Redox Reaction)

Question 3

What is the one main difference between the processes of aerobic and anaerobic respiration discussed in class?

Answer 3

Aerobic process: needs oxygen

Anaerobic process: uses inorganic molecules instead of oxygen

Question 4

Fermentation is a type of _______________ respiration and takes place when the final electron acceptor is an/a ________________ molecule. Fill in the blanks.

Answer 4

Anaerobic & Inorganic

Question 5

What is the overall equation of aerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 5

Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 6

Why is cellular respiration considered a catabolic process?

Answer 6

It involves breaking down complex biomolecular substances such as glucose.

Question 7

What takes place when one says “substrate-level phosphorylation” has occurred?

Answer 7

ADP → ATP

taking something that’s not considered energy and then creating it with the help of enzymes, to transform it into ATP

Question 8

Glycolysis is the first process which occurs during cellular respiration. Where in the cell does this process take place?

Answer 8

The cytoplasm

Question 9

Glycolysis is the first process which occurs during cellular respiration. What is the overall equation of this process?

Answer 9

Glucose(6C) → 2 pyruvates (3C + 3C) + 2 ATP + 4NADH

Question 10

After glycolysis occurs within an organism, what are the two possible processes which can occur afterwards? The presence of what molecule decides which process will take place?

Answer 10

Pyruvate Oxidation & Krebs Cycle. The oxygen molecule.

Question 11

What is the overall equation for pyruvate oxidation?

Answer 11

Pyruvate (3C) → Co2 (1C) + 2 Acetyl-CoA (2C coenzyme) + NADH

Question 12

What is the overall equation for the Krebs cycle?

Answer 12

Acetyl - CoA → Co2 + ATP + NAD H + FADH2

Question 13

What is the overall equation for the ETC (electron transport chain)?

Answer 13

NADH + FADH2 → H2O + ATP + NAD + FAD

Question 14

Anaerobic respiration can have many different types of final electron acceptors by the end of this metabolic pathway. Which of these statements do not describe any of the possible examples discussed in class?

Answer 14

Methanogens: type of bacteria that uses carbon dioxide (gas) or most inorganic compounds.

Ex. When a cow farts it releases methane, it’s not the cow doing this, it’s the bacteria in its gut producing the methane, thus causing its release.

Question 15

Glycolysis is the first process which occurs during cellular respiration. Which of these statements describe the reactants and products of the first step called glucose priming?

Answer 15

Glucose Priming: 2 things bond together to produce diphosphate. The word glucose is a sign that you start and end up with 6 carbon sugars.

Question 16

Glycolysis is the first process which occurs during cellular respiration. Which of these statements describe the reactants and products of the second step called cleavage and rearrangement?

Answer 16

Cleavage and Rearrangement: You split the 6 Carbon sugars in two and cut it. A little bit of energy (ATP) is required to begin the process.

Question 17

Glycolysis is the first process which occurs during cellular respiration. Which of these statements describe the reactants and products of the third step called oxidation?

Answer 17

Oxidation (NADH formed): removing hydrogen to make NADH.

Question 18

Glycolysis is the first process which occurs during cellular respiration. Which of these statements describe the reactants and products of the fourth step called ATP generation?

Answer 18

ATP Generation: 2G3P → 4ATP + 2 pyruvates (3 carbon each)