lecture 2 Flashcards
Why Study Psychology?
- Know thyself (and others)
- in a scientific way….
- Explain behavior
- Predict behavior
- Change behavior
What is Psychology?
- Folk psychology or commonsense psychology
- Academic discipline: Answering questions through systematic collection and analysis of publicly observable data
when was the first experimental lab founded?
1879
what is research setting lab?
an experiment conducted under highly controlled conditions (not necessarily a laboratory), where accurate measurements are possible.
what variables are there by lab?
- independent variables
- dependent variables
what phases are there by lab?
- Observations
- Theory
- Hypothesis
- Experiment
- Operationalize
what independent variables are there?
Between subjects (groups):
* group of young adults
* group of older adults
Within subjects (conditions):
* peer present or absent
what is correlation?
relation between two or more variables
what is causation?
one thing is the reason why something else happens
Research setting: field
- Higher degree of ecological validity (resemblance to real life setting)
- but, lower experimental control
what is The observer-expectancy effect?
an observer influencing an experiment’s results
what is the subject-expectancy effect? a subject influencing
an experiment’s results
a subject influencing an experiment’s results
what is the placebo effect?
is anything that seems to be a “real” medical treatment – but isn’t.
Reliability:
the consistency of the findings or results of a psychology research study
Validity:
how well a test actually measures what it was created to measure
