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MUSC Anatomy Exam 2 > Lecture 19 - Thigh > Flashcards

Lecture 19 - Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

2 fascial layers of the thigh

A
  • superficial fatty layer

- deep membranous layer

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2
Q

The 2 fascial layer of the thigh are superficial to what?

A

fascia latae

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3
Q

deep fascia of the thigh

A

fascia latae

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4
Q

cutaneous nerves of the thigh

A
  • ilioinguinal nerve
  • genitofemoral nerve
  • medial cutaneous nerve
  • intermediate/anterior cutaneous nerve
  • lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
  • superficial/anterior branch of obturator nerve
  • posterior cutaneous nerve
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5
Q

nerve from L1

A

ilioinguinal nerve

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6
Q

nerve from L1-2

A

genitofemoral nerve

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7
Q

nerve from L2-3

A

lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

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8
Q

cutaneous branches of femoral nerve

A
  • genitofemoral nerve
  • medial cutaneous nerve
  • intermediate cutaneous nerve
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9
Q

ilioinguinal nerve

A
  • L1

- supplies small area of skin below medial end of inguinal ligament

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10
Q

genitofemoral nerve

A
  • L1-2
  • lateral to femoral artery and pierces the sheath and fascia latae
  • femoral branch enters femoral sheath
  • supplies skin over femoral triangle
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11
Q

medial cutaneous nerve of thigh

A
  • branch of femoral nerve

- supplies skin on medial side of thigh

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12
Q

intermediate cutaneous nerve of thigh

A
  • also called anterior cutaneous nerve
  • branch of femoral nerve
  • supplies skin on front of thigh down to knee
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13
Q

lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of thigh

A
  • L2-L3

- supplies anterolateral and posterolateral surfaces of thigh

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14
Q

superficial/anterior brach of obturator nerve

A
  • supplies medial aspect of thigh
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15
Q

posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh

A
  • branch of sacral plexus

- supplies posterior aspect of thigh

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16
Q

What represents an area of skin supplied by a specific spinal nerve, regardless of the cutaneous nerves distributed to the same area?

A

dermatome

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17
Q

Why are dermatomes important?

A

Can be tested for touch and temperature and are related to specific spinal cord levels

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18
Q

2 superficial veins of lower limb

A
  1. great saphenous vein

2. small/lesser saphenous vein

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19
Q

The ____ _______ vein drains the _____ venous arch, passes _____ to the medial _______, runs on the ______ side of the leg and then _______ to the medial _______ of the tibia and femur, ends on the _____ aspect of the thigh in the _______ vein after passing through the _______ _____ in the deep fascia.

A

The GREAT SAPHENOUS vein drains the DORSAL venous arch, passes ANTERIOR to the medial MALLEOLUS, runs on the MEDIAL side of the leg and then POSTERIOR to the medial CONDYLES of the tibia and femur, ends on the MEDIAL aspect of the thigh in the FEMORAL vein (after passing through the SAPHENOUS HIATUS in the deep fascia.

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20
Q

The _____ _______ vein begins ______ to the lateral malleolus (a continuation of the _____ _______ vein of the foot) and runs along the _____-_______ and reaches the _____ of the leg where it perforates the _____ fascia (at the _____ base) to drain into the ______ ______.

A

The SMALL/LESSER SAPHENOUS vein begins POSTERIOR to the lateral malleolus (a continuation of the LATERAL MARGINAL vein of the foot) and runs along the TENDO-CALCANEUS and reaches the MIDDLE of the leg where it perforates the DEEP fascia (at the POPLITEAL base) to drain into the POPLITEAL VEIN.

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21
Q

nodes located in upper part of femoral triangle

A

superficial inguinal nodes

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22
Q

nodes that lie on the medial side of the femoral vein

A

deep inguinal nodes

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23
Q

nodes that are located in popliteal fossa

A

popliteal nodes

24
Q

largest node in the body that is the highest node in the deep inguinal nodes

A

Cloquet’s node

25
Q

5 muscles of anterior compartment

A
  1. sartorius
  2. iliacus
  3. psoas major
  4. pectineus
  5. quadriceps femoris (4 heads)
26
Q

5 muscles of medial compartment

A
  1. gracilis
  2. adductor longus
  3. adductor brevis
  4. adductor magnus (oblique fibers)
  5. obturator externus
27
Q

4 muscles of posterior compartment

A
  1. biceps femoris
  2. semitendinosus
  3. semimembranosus
  4. adductor magnus (vertical/hamstring fibers)
28
Q

What is the posterior compartment of the thigh is separated from the extensor compartment by?

A

lateral intermuscular septum

29
Q

Is there a septum that separates the posterior compartment from the adductor compartment?

A

NO

30
Q

The blood supply to the thigh is provided mostly by which artery?

A

femoral artery

31
Q

What is the femoral artery an extension of?

A
  • external iliac artery
32
Q

The ____ _____ artery passes deep to the ______ _______ into the _____ triangle of the thigh, thus becoming the ______ artery and enclosed in the femoral ______. It then courses below the _______ muscle in the _____ ______. It then becomes the _____ artery by going through the _______ _______ in the adductor magnus.

A

The EXTERNAL ILIAC artery passes deep to the INGUINAL LIGAMENT into the FEMORAL triangle of the thigh, thus becoming the FEMORAL artery and enclosed in the femoral SHEATH. It then courses below the SARTORIUS muscle in the ADDUCTOR CANAL. It then becomes the POPLITEAL artery by going through the ADDUCTOR HIATUS in the adductor magnus.

33
Q

branches of femoral artery

A
  • superficial circumflex iliac artery
  • superficial external pudendal artery
  • deep external pudendal artery
  • deep femoral/profunda femoral artery
  • descending genicular artery
34
Q

branches of deep femoral/profunda femoral artery

A
  • lateral circumflex femoral artery
  • medial circumflex femoral artery
  • 3 perforating arteries
  • muscular branches
35
Q

branches of lateral circumflex femoral arteries

A
  • ascending
  • descending
  • transverse
36
Q

branches of medial circumflex femoral arteries

A
  • transverse
  • ascending
  • acetabular
37
Q

artery that ends at the 4th perforating artery and supplies muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh

A

deep femoral artery

38
Q

arteries that supply muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh

A
  • branches of deep femoral artery

- obturator artery

39
Q

The obturator artery is a branch of which artery?

A

internal iliac artery

40
Q

this artery divides into a saphenous and articular branches; has anastomoses with other arteries around the knee

A

descending genicular artery

41
Q

innervates pectineus (90% of time), quadriceps femoris, sartorius, iliacus

A

femoral nerve

42
Q

innervates gracilis, adductor magnus (oblique fibers), adductor longus, adductor brevis, obturator externus

A

obturator nerve

43
Q

innervates biceps femoris (long head), semimembranosus, semitendinosus

A

tibial portion of sciatic nerve

44
Q

innervates biceps femoris (short head)

A

common peroneal portion of sciatic nerve

45
Q

innervation supplied by ventral primary rami of L2-3

A

psoas major

46
Q

The ______ nerve splits around the obturator _____ and _______ brevis into an anterior and ______ branch.

A

The OBTURATOR nerve splits around the obturator EXTERNUS and ADDUCTOR brevis into an anterior and POSTERIOR branch.

47
Q

The _____ nerve continues into the _____ subcutaneous portion of the leg as the _______ nerve.

A

The FEMORAL nerve continues into the MEDIAL subcutaneous portion of the leg as the SAPHENOUS nerve.

48
Q

nerve that runs with greater saphenous vein

A

saphenous nerve

49
Q

supplies sensation to medial side of leg, ankle, and foot

A

saphenous nerve

50
Q

femoral triangle boundaries

A
  1. superiorly - inguinal ligament
  2. medially - medial aspect of adductor longus
  3. laterally - medial margin of sartorius
51
Q

floor of femoral triangle

A

lateral to medial:

  • iliacus
  • psoas major
  • pectineus
  • adductor longus
52
Q

roof of femoral triangle

A

skin and fascia

53
Q

contents of femoral triangle

A
  1. femoral nerve and branches (most lateral)
  2. femoral artery and vein (intermediate)-surrounded by femoral sheath
  3. deep inguinal lymph nodes (most medial)-surrounded by femoral sheath
  4. femoral canal with a superior portion called the femoral ring-formed by extraperitoneal tissue
54
Q

triangular aponeurotic tunnel in the middle third of thigh

A

adductor/subsartorial canal

55
Q

extends from apex of femoral triangle to opening of adductor magnus

A

adductor/subsartorial canal

56
Q

adductor/subsartorial canal contents

A
  • femoral artery and vein
  • deep lymphatic vessels
  • saphenous nerve
  • nerve to vastus medialis (from femoral nerve)

MUSC Anatomy Exam 2 (10 decks)

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