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MUSC Anatomy Exam 2 > Lecture 19 - Knee > Flashcards

Lecture 19 - Knee Flashcards

1
Q

What type of joint is the knee?

A

modified hinge joint

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2
Q

What type of joint is between the patella and patellar surface of the femur?

A

gliding joint

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3
Q

Both articular facet surfaces of the tibia have corresponding what?

A

corresponding menisci - lateral and medial

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4
Q

movements of knee

A
  • flexion
  • extension
  • medial rotation (25 degrees with flexion)
  • lateral rotation (25 degrees of extension)
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5
Q

largest sesamoid bone in the body

A

patella

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6
Q

what does the vertical ridge divide the articular surface of the patella into

A
  • large lateral articular surface

- smaller medial articular surface

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7
Q

shape of patella

A

triangular (apex lies inferiorly)

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8
Q

What is the patella an attachment for? What does it do?

A
  • quadriceps muscle

- thought to increase the pull of the quadriceps

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9
Q

innervations of knee joint

A

nerves that cross the joint:

  • femoral
  • obturator
  • sciatic
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10
Q

Is the fibrous capsule of the knee thick or thin?

A

quite thick

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11
Q

Where is the fibrous capsule of the knee deficient?

A

deficient anteriorly and is replaced by the fused tendons of the quadriceps musculature and its expansion

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12
Q

consists of deep fibers of the vastus intermedius that attach to the capsule to pull the capsule out of the joint upon extension to prevent injury

A

articularis genu

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13
Q

innervation of articularis genu

A

femoral nerve

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14
Q

very extensive and lines the fibrous capsule

A

synovial membrane

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15
Q

what does NOT cover the articular surfaces

A

synovial membrane

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16
Q

about how many bursae are around the knee

A

16 or so

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17
Q

examples of bursae

A
  • prepatellar
  • superficial infrapatellar (cutaneous)
  • suprapatellar
  • deep infrapatellar (between tibia and ligamenum patella)
18
Q

from inferior border of patella to tibial tuberosity; is the continuation of quadriceps tendon

A

ligamentum patellae

19
Q

extracapsular ligaments (5)

A
  • ligamentum patellae
  • medial/tibial collateral
  • lateral/fibular collateral
  • oblique popliteal
  • arcuate popliteal
20
Q

broad, flat band attached on medial epicondyle (below adductor tubercle) that runs downward and forward to medial condyle; attaches to meniscus

A

medial/tibial collateral ligament

21
Q

what crosses the medial/tibial collateral ligament

A
  • sartorius
  • gracilis
  • semitendinosus
22
Q

round cord from the lateral epicondyle of femur (above groove of popliteus) and runs downward and forward to head of fibula

A

lateral/fibular collateral ligament

23
Q

what is primarily covered by the tendon of biceps femoris

A

lateral/fibular collateral ligament

24
Q

extension of semimembranosus that attaches above the lateral condyle of the femur

A

oblique popliteal ligament

25
Q

what forms the floor of the popliteal fossa and is in contact with popliteal artery

A

oblique popliteal ligament

26
Q

Y-shaped ligament that runs from the posterior border of the intercondylar area of the tibia and the lateral epicondyle of femur to the area below the head of fibula

A

arcuate popliteal ligament

27
Q

Why are the cruciate ligaments called cruciate?

A

Because they cross each other

28
Q

ligament at anterior intercondylar area of tibia that runs superiorly, posteriorly and laterally to the posterior part of the medial surface of the lateral femoral condyle

A

anterior cruciate ligament

29
Q

ligament at posterior intercondylar area of tibia that runs superiorly, anteriorly and medially to the lateral surface of the medial condyle of the femur

A

posterior cruciate ligament

30
Q

what ligaments are taut in both flexion and extension

A

cruciate ligaments

31
Q

when are the cruciate ligaments most relaxed

A

30 degrees of flexion

32
Q

what ligaments are taught in extension and relaxed in flexion

A

collateral ligaments

33
Q

what motions do the cruciate ligaments prevent

A

anterior and posterior displacement of the tibia

34
Q

what motions do the collateral ligaments prevent

A

abduction and adduction of the knee

35
Q

shape of medial meniscus

A

oval, crescent shape

36
Q

shape of lateral meniscus

A

more round and nearly a complete ring

37
Q

what does the medial meniscus attach to at the tibia anteriorly

A

transverse genicular ligament

38
Q

what does the medial meniscus attach to posteriomedially

A

fibrous capsule and deep surface of the medial collateral ligament

39
Q

what does the lateral meniscus attached to at the tibia anteriorly

A

transverse genicular ligament

40
Q

what does the lateral meniscus attach to posteriomedially

A

tendon of popliteus

MUSC Anatomy Exam 2 (10 decks)

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