Lecture 19: Acid/Base physiology

Question 1

pH affects

Answer 1

activity of all body enzymes

so very regulated

Question 2

3 ways to regulate pH

Answer 2

kidney
buffer system
respiratory system
fastsest way

Question 3

Acids….

Answer 3

release H+

Question 4

bases…

Answer 4

bind H+

by releasing Oh- to make H2O

Question 5

strong or weak acids in bases depend on…

Answer 5

how extensively they dissociate

weak: arrows go both ways (acid)

Question 6

buffers

Answer 6

slow down pH change

Question 7

weak acids

Answer 7

incompletely dissociate
reach eqiulibrium at partial H+ release
depeds on H+ in fluid where they are

Question 8

Adding H+

Answer 8

changes weak acids level of dissociation accordingly

act to slow or buffer change

Question 9

CO2 made by tissues…

Answer 9

makes carbonic acid (weak)

by combines with H2O

Question 10

CO2 + H2O reaction

Answer 10

catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase

CA

Question 11

carbonic anhydrase

Answer 11

CA
found in RBCs and endothelial cells of pulm caps
drive CO2 + H2O reaction to exhale CO2 (not to completion)

Question 12

CA drives CO2 and H2O water

Answer 12

in EITHER direction

Question 13

DROP CO2 conc

Answer 13

left shift

inc pH

Question 14

causes of drop in CO2 Conc

Answer 14

hyperventialtion or high altitude (hypoxia)’
also some normal causes
breathe into paper bag

Question 15

respiratory alkalosis

Answer 15

drop CO2 conc
hyperventialtion and high altitude
trending BASIC in tissues (bad)

Question 16

rising CO2 conc

Answer 16

shift right
dec pH
result: inc in breathing

Question 17

causes of rising CO2 conc

Answer 17

depression of respiratory center
anaesthesia
barbituate OD
brainstem injury

Question 18

respiratory acidosis

Answer 18

rising CO2, dec in pH