Lecture 18: Gas Exchange: CO2 Flashcards

1
Q

2 ways O2 is transported

A

dissolved in plasma (1.5%)

bound to hemoglobin protein (98.5%)

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2
Q

extent to which O2 binds to hemo depends on

A

PO2 in plasma

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3
Q

def of oxy-hemoglobin dissociation curve

A

relationship between extent of oxygen binding to hemo and PO2

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4
Q

lung PO2 is _____ than PO2 in blood

A

greater

so O2 goes into blood

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5
Q

factors that affect oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve

A

temperature
Blood pH
PCO2

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6
Q

Bohr shift definition

A

curve shifts right

hemoglobin molec will RELEASE MORE oxygen at any PO2

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7
Q

Bohr shift caused by

A

reduction in blood pH
increase in blood CO2
inc in temp

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8
Q

when blood pH reduced

A

tissue more acidic

release more O2

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9
Q

Higher temperature

A

fluid is warmer

less CO2

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10
Q

Bohr shift is most important at

A

tissue capillaries

hemoglobin here will release O2 more readily

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11
Q

High blood pH value

A

7.6

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12
Q

Low blood pH value

A

7.2

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13
Q

normal blood pH value

A

7.4

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14
Q

X axis of graph

A

PO2

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15
Q

Y axis

A

% sat of hemoglobin

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16
Q

when blood pH high

A

hold onto more oxygen

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17
Q

when pH low

A

Bohr shift

release more O2

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18
Q

When low blood PCO2

A

hold onto more O2

19
Q

When high blood PCO2

A

release more O2

20
Q

110 degrees

A

too hot

death

21
Q

low temperature

A

hold onto more O2

22
Q

high temp

A

release more O2

23
Q

Fully saturated hemoglobin can bind

A

1.34 mL oxygen

24
Q

adults have this much hemoglobin

A

men: 160 g/L blood
women: 140-150 g/L blood

25
Q

arterial blood in healthy person is _____% saturated

A

100

26
Q

O2 conc= (equation)

A

g hemoglboin X 1.34 mL O2

27
Q

O2 conc for men (Number)

A

213.3 mL O2/L blood

160g Hb/L X 1.34 mL O2/g HB

28
Q

anemia

A

low blood hemoglobin conc

29
Q

hypoxia

A
low blood O2
low hemoglobin sat
is a STATE
don't have to be anemic to be hypoxic
can result from holding breath
30
Q

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

A

binds to Hb 250X better than O2
treatment: pure O2
BUT: must wait for CO bound Hb to be replaced by body
takes time

31
Q

CO2 from tissue moves…

A

from active tissue cells
to plasma
to RBCs

32
Q

2 things formed in RBCs for CO2 transport

A

H2CO3 (carbonic acid) and carbaminohemoglobin

33
Q

70% CO2 transported in plasma is

A

bicarbonate ions

34
Q

23% CO2 transported in plasma is

A

carbaminohemoglobin

35
Q

7% CO2 transported in plasma is

A

disolved in plasma

36
Q

Oxygen loading at pulm cap

A

is time dependent

37
Q

oxygen loading at pulm caps depends on

A

rate of gas difussion and rate of blood flow through pulm caps
transit time

38
Q

complete diffusion of O2 in most alveolar-cap units takes

A

0.25 secs (healthy)

39
Q

transit time at rest is

A

0.8 secs

40
Q

chloride shift across RBC

A

systemic caps

internal resp

41
Q

reverse chloride shift across RBC

A

pulmonary caps

external resp

42
Q

external respiration across RBCs

A

pulmonary caps

reverse chloride shift

43
Q

internal respiration across RBCs

A

systemic caps

chloride shift

44
Q

point of cholride shift

A

to load up plasma with bicarbonate