Lecture 18: Gas Exchange: CO2

Question 1

2 ways O2 is transported

Answer 1

dissolved in plasma (1.5%)

bound to hemoglobin protein (98.5%)

Question 2

extent to which O2 binds to hemo depends on

Answer 2

PO2 in plasma

Question 3

def of oxy-hemoglobin dissociation curve

Answer 3

relationship between extent of oxygen binding to hemo and PO2

Question 4

lung PO2 is _____ than PO2 in blood

Answer 4

greater

so O2 goes into blood

Question 5

factors that affect oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve

Answer 5

temperature
Blood pH
PCO2

Question 6

Bohr shift definition

Answer 6

curve shifts right

hemoglobin molec will RELEASE MORE oxygen at any PO2

Question 7

Bohr shift caused by

Answer 7

reduction in blood pH
increase in blood CO2
inc in temp

Question 8

when blood pH reduced

Answer 8

tissue more acidic

release more O2

Question 9

Higher temperature

Answer 9

fluid is warmer

less CO2

Question 10

Bohr shift is most important at

Answer 10

tissue capillaries

hemoglobin here will release O2 more readily

Question 11

High blood pH value

Answer 11

7.6

Question 12

Low blood pH value

Answer 12

7.2

Question 13

normal blood pH value

Answer 13

7.4

Question 14

X axis of graph

Answer 14

PO2

Question 15

Y axis

Answer 15

% sat of hemoglobin

Question 16

when blood pH high

Answer 16

hold onto more oxygen

Question 17

when pH low

Answer 17

Bohr shift

release more O2

Question 18

When low blood PCO2

Answer 18

hold onto more O2

Question 19

When high blood PCO2

Answer 19

release more O2

Question 20

110 degrees

Answer 20

too hot

death

Question 21

low temperature

Answer 21

hold onto more O2

Question 22

high temp

Answer 22

release more O2

Question 23

Fully saturated hemoglobin can bind

Answer 23

1.34 mL oxygen

Question 24

adults have this much hemoglobin

Answer 24

men: 160 g/L blood
women: 140-150 g/L blood

Question 25

arterial blood in healthy person is _____% saturated

Answer 25

100

Question 26

O2 conc= (equation)

Answer 26

g hemoglboin X 1.34 mL O2

Question 27

O2 conc for men (Number)

Answer 27

213.3 mL O2/L blood | 160g Hb/L X 1.34 mL O2/g HB

Question 28

anemia

Answer 28

low blood hemoglobin conc

Question 29

hypoxia

Answer 29

``` low blood O2 low hemoglobin sat is a STATE don't have to be anemic to be hypoxic can result from holding breath ```

Question 30

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Answer 30

binds to Hb 250X better than O2 treatment: pure O2 BUT: must wait for CO bound Hb to be replaced by body takes time

Question 31

CO2 from tissue moves...

Answer 31

from active tissue cells to plasma to RBCs

Question 32

2 things formed in RBCs for CO2 transport

Answer 32

H2CO3 (carbonic acid) and carbaminohemoglobin

Question 33

70% CO2 transported in plasma is

Answer 33

bicarbonate ions

Question 34

23% CO2 transported in plasma is

Answer 34

carbaminohemoglobin

Question 35

7% CO2 transported in plasma is

Answer 35

disolved in plasma

Question 36

Oxygen loading at pulm cap

Answer 36

is time dependent

Question 37

oxygen loading at pulm caps depends on

Answer 37

rate of gas difussion and rate of blood flow through pulm caps transit time

Question 38

complete diffusion of O2 in most alveolar-cap units takes

Answer 38

0.25 secs (healthy)

Question 39

transit time at rest is

Answer 39

0.8 secs

Question 40

chloride shift across RBC

Answer 40

systemic caps | internal resp

Question 41

reverse chloride shift across RBC

Answer 41

pulmonary caps | external resp

Question 42

external respiration across RBCs

Answer 42

pulmonary caps | reverse chloride shift

Question 43

internal respiration across RBCs

Answer 43

systemic caps | chloride shift

Question 44

point of cholride shift

Answer 44

to load up plasma with bicarbonate