Lecture 15: Intro and Lung Mechanics

Question 1

Functions of respiratory system

Answer 1

1. filter, warm, humidfy air
2. vetilation and gas exchange
3. sound production
4. sense of smell
5. metabolism of hormones (angiotensi convertin enzyme ACE is in lung cells(
6. Changing pH of blood (fastest way)

Question 2

Ventilation

Answer 2

movement of air in and out of lungs

Question 3

filter to

Answer 3

get air as clean as possible

Question 4

warm so that

Answer 4

air isnt too cold, that can hurt cell lining

Question 5

humidify to

Answer 5

moisten air. dry air causes gas exchange area to by dry and you die

Question 6

gas exchange occurs in

Answer 6

only the tiniest parts of lungs

Question 7

external respiration

Answer 7

exchange of gases between ATMOSPHERE and BLOOD

Question 8

Internal respiration

Answer 8

gas exchange between capillary blood and tissue cells (blood and ISF?)

Question 9

adnoids

Answer 9

ONE tonsil
pharyngeal tonsil
removed because of proximity to auditory canal

Question 10

Uvula

Answer 10

makes sure food doent go into nose when swallowing

Question 11

carina

Answer 11

branching point between L and R bronchii

Question 12

bronchpulmonary segments

Answer 12

subdivisions of lungs
portion of lung that is supplied by a tertiary bronchus
10 in right lung
8 in left
each divided into lung lobules

Question 13

Lung Lobules

Answer 13

functional unit of lung
contains:
lymph vessel
arteriole
venule
respiratory bronchioles
alveolar ducts
alveoli
each supplied by a terminal bronciole
wrapped in elastic CT

Question 14

Nutritional Flow

Answer 14

lung recieves oxygenated blood from bronchial arteries

these branch from aorta

Question 15

Hilum

Answer 15

where blood veslles attach to lung

Question 16

Bronchial arteries

Answer 16

supplies lung with ox blood

Question 17

remember Pulmonary arteries

Answer 17

supply ling capps

drain to pulm veins

Question 18

Alveoli

Answer 18

sac like pouches
300 mill in normal lung
97% type I alveolar cells
3% type II alveolar cells

Question 19

Type I alveloar cells

Answer 19

simple squamous epi
very thin walls (for diffusion)
tight junctions
prevent fluid leakage into alvelolar air spaces

Question 20

type II alveolar cells

Answer 20

secrete surfacant

Question 21

surfacant

Answer 21

secreted to keep alveoli open

if there was pure water, structures would collapse due to surface tension