Lecture 19

Question 1

LT maternal effect on stress in offspring

Answer 1

variations in maternal care, expression in specific genes in brain, HPA function, stable differences in stress reactivity

Question 2

maternal LG of pups is _____ across generations

Answer 2

stable

Question 3

3 key areas for stress response

Answer 3

amygdala, frontal cortex, hippocampus

Question 4

non-genomic transmission of stress reactivity studies

Answer 4

cross-fostering pups

Question 5

____ LG = ____ GR in hippocampi = cortisol back to baseline ________

Answer 5

higher, higher, faster

Question 6

cross-fostering studies supported ______ programming of GR

Answer 6

postnatal

Question 7

Rat GR gene

Answer 7

promoter site 1(7)
NGF1-A (binding site for TF)
- high LG = more acetylation, less methylation, more NGFI-A binding, more GR, lower HPA response
- TSA infusion -> models high LG
- methylation diet precursor l-methionine -> models low LG

Question 8

low LG = _______ of receptor = ________ NGF1-A binding = ________ GR expression = ____ receptor usage = ______ HPA

Answer 8

methylation, no, lower, lower, higher

Question 9

high LG = _______ of receptor = ________ NGF1-A binding = ________ GR expression = ____ receptor usage = ______ HPA

Answer 9

lower methylation, higher, higher, higher, lower

Question 10

maltreatment = ____ methylation of BDNF promoters in hippocampus

Answer 10

increased

Question 11

transmission of maternal behaviour in humans through

Answer 11

parental bonding, attachment, child abuse

Question 12

Medial Preoptic Area (MPOA)

Answer 12

important for maternal behaviour

Question 13

maternal brain circuit

Answer 13

olfactory bulb -> amygdala -> bed nucleus of the stria terminalis -> MPOA

Question 14

higher _______ = higher _____ receptor, higher ______ receptor in MPOA

Answer 14

grooming, estrogen, oxytocin
- biomarker of maternal care across generations

Question 15

rat GR exon 1(7) =

Answer 15

human GR exon 1F promoter

Question 16

stable environment effect on human GR exon 1F promoter

Answer 16

promoter is not methylated, NGF1-A binds, Nr3c1 expressed, higher GR expression, lower HPA activity

Question 17

can intimate partner violence during pregnancy predict GR promoter methylation in children

Answer 17

yes

Question 18

NGF1-A binding sites on hippocampal hGR exon 1F promoter are _____________ in suicide victims w/ history of child abuse

Answer 18

hypermethylated