Lecture 18

Question 1

chronic stress = _____ CRH + GC (where for each)

Answer 1

increased CRH in brain, increase GC basally

Question 2

chronic exposed to GC =

Answer 2

damage to hippocampus, decreased GC negative feedback, increase HPA axis activity

• increase CRH in brain
• increase GC basally
• increase in adrenal gland size

Question 3

chronic stress affects NTs:

Answer 3

serotonin, norepinephrine, GABA, benzos

Question 4

chronic stress on CNS

Answer 4

drug seeking behaviours, impairment of memory, increased anxiety, learned helplessness

Question 5

chronic stress hippocampal damage

Answer 5

shrinkage of neurons, shrinkage of soma

Question 6

ex of mutant of GC receptor gene

Answer 6

Leu753Met, strongly decreased sensitivity, GC resistance syndrome

Question 7

in stable environment, dominant male monkeys have _______ GC levels

Answer 7

lower

Question 8

in unstable environments, dominant male monkeys have _______ GC levels

Answer 8

higher

Question 9

dominant males with these personality traits have lowest GC levels

Answer 9

high degree of social control, predictability, and outlets for frustration

Question 10

Hans Selye - genreal adaptation syndrome

Answer 10

alarm (fight/flight), resistance (after several days adapt to stress), exhaustion (body breaks down)

Question 11

allostasis happens in which part of Hans Selye general adaptation syndrom

Answer 11

resistance

Question 12

is second stressor added during _____ phase, organism dies

Answer 12

resistance

Question 13

w/ threat (vs. challenge)

Answer 13

decreased blood flow to brain, decreased blood to effector muscles, decreased cognitive and physical performance

Question 14

enhanced memory w/ ______ stressor

Answer 14

mild

Question 15

mother grooming = _____ GR = ________ stress

Answer 15

increased, lowered

Question 16

low SES = _____ risk for stress-related illness

Answer 16

increased, but more has to do with perception of low status

Question 17

how low SES could affect health

Answer 17

• lower nutrition
• toxins
• prenatal drug exposure
• stress

Question 18

SES and specialization in 5 year olds

Answer 18

higher SES = higher degree of hemispheric specialization in left inferior frontal gyrus
- this region includes Broca’s area (speech and language)
- higher language skills
BUT
- social causation: SES experiences affect brain development
OR
- social selection: differences in brain functioning predispose people to higher or lower SES