Lecture 18-19 M2 Flashcards
What is the second hypothesis about the gender wage gap and what does data show?
- women place more value on non-pecuniary aspects of job
- compared to men this is true
- but educational and occupational choices are the driving force
What choices are driving the wage gap?
-educational and occupational
What is hypothesis 3 and what does data show?
- gender stereotypes in workplaces cause more value to be placed on men’s employment
- historically yes, women’s jobs have been undervalued thus under paid
- discrimination based on gender exists in some workplaces
What is hypothesis 4 and what does the data show?
- women’s greater family responsibilities lead them to choose better work life balance
- this is true for women, may choose part time
- choices is a qualifier tho, so do they really have choice?
What could we do to help the gender wage gap?
Put in policies that help women diversify their educational and occupational choices
What is the women’s second shift
- unpaid work for household and caregiving responsibilities
- called “women’s” second shift because most of this work is done by women
- what’s a mother’s work worth?
- shows that unpaid work is a lot of hours
Has the increased participation of women in the labour force led to a renegotiation of traditional household roles?
Yes, but women still do more
What has data shown about people’s attitudes on household division of labour shown?
Attitudes on gender equality are changing
What has empirical research shown for distribution of household duties with more women working?
Women who are employed still retain primary responsibility for child care, elderly, housework
How do women occupy a double ghetto?
- pink collar ghetto of paid labour
- domestic ghetto of unpaid labour
Is the gender revolution stalled?
Yes
In what sense has the gender revolution stalled?
- women’s household work has not reduced in proportion to their increase work in the labour force
- labour market segmentation persists
- cross over of women to men jobs has not been met with men to women jobs
- still have gender wage gap
- traditional gender roles of men as breadwinner and women as home
What is the feminization of poverty
Women represent a large proportion of the poor
Why do women represent a large number of the poor?
- lower incomes
- over represented among seniors with low incomes
- over representation of lone parent families
What is the implication for children of more women being poor?
More children are poor, those with female lone parents
What theories did Talcott Parsons believe?
Structural functionalism
What did Talcott Parsons day about gender?
Men and women play complementary roles that promote social integration of families and society
What does feminist sociological theory say?
-advocates social equality for women and men in opposition to patriarchy and sexism
Define patriarchy
Form of social organization in which males dominate females
Define sexism
The belief that one “sex” is innately superior to the other
What is the goal of feminist sociological theory?
Elimination of gender stratification
What does the belief in sexism provide?
An ideological basis for patriarchy
What are ideologies
Cultural beliefs that can justify social stratification
Is ideology biological or cultural?
Cultural
What do feminist say we need to eliminate?
Sexism and patriarchy
