Lecture 16 - Pelvic Girdle

Question 1

List the functions of the pelvic girdle

Answer 1

• Connect lower limbs to the axial skeleton
• Transfer weight from axial skeleton to lower limbs
• Provide attachment sites for strong muscles of gluteal and abdominal regions
• Provide support for pelvic organs

Question 2

What bones make up an individual hip bone?

Answer 2

• Ilium
• Ischium
• Pubis

Question 3

What bones make up the pelvic girdle?

Answer 3

• Right and left hip bones

- Sacrum

Question 4

Which bone from the pelvic girdle is classified as both axial and appendicular?

Answer 4

Sacrum

Question 5

What is the socket for the head of the femur called? What bones contribute to it’s formation?

Answer 5

Acetabulum = ilium, ischium, and pubis

Question 6

How many vertebrae fuse to make up the sacrum?

Answer 6

5 vertebrae

Question 7

What is the sacral canal?

Answer 7

• Continuation of the vertebral canal

- Contains the cauda equina

Question 8

What does the sacral foramina allow?

Answer 8

Allows nerves to exit the sacral canal

Question 9

What is the cauda equina?

Answer 9

A bundle of spinal nerves that descend past the distal end of the spinal cord

Question 10

Male Pelvis vs. Female Pelvis:

Compare General Structure

Answer 10

• Male: Thick and heavy

- Female: Thin and light

Question 11

Male Pelvis vs. Female Pelvis:

Compare Pelvic Inlet

Answer 11

• Male: Heart shaped, narrow

- Female: Oval and Rounded, wide

Question 12

Male Pelvis vs. Female Pelvis:

Compare Subpubic angle

Answer 12

• Male: Narrow

- Female: Wide

Question 13

Male Pelvis vs. Female Pelvis:

Compare Greater Sciatic Notch

Answer 13

• Male: Narrow, inverted V shape

- Female: Wide, almost 90 deg.

Question 14

In Anatomical Position, the ____ and the ____ lie in the same vertical plane

Answer 14

the ASIS and the pubic symphysis

Question 15

What does the position of the pubic symphysis allow it to do?

Answer 15

support the weight of the bladder and other pelvic organs (including uterus during pregnancy)

Question 16

Name the ligaments that resist the rotation of the pelvis

Answer 16

• Sacrotuberal ligament (STL)

- Sacrospinous ligament (SPL)

Question 17

The sacroiliac joint is classified as what type of joint?

Answer 17

Compound Joint:

• anteriorly: synovial
• posteriorly: syndesmosis (less mobile)

Question 18

Where is the fibrocartilagenous interpubic disc found?

Answer 18

Between the 2 pubic bones

Question 19

Which ligament(s) reinforce the pubic symphysis?

Answer 19

• superior pubic ligament

- inferior pubic ligament

Question 20

Where do the left and right pubic bones articulate?

Answer 20

at the pubic symphysis

Question 21

What happens at the sacral plexus?

Answer 21

sacral spinal nerves (S1-S5) exit the intervetebral foramina and their anterior rami form a plexus of nerves within the psoas major muscle

Question 22

List the terminal branches found at the sacral plexus

Answer 22

• Superior gluteal nerve
• Inferior gluteal nerve
• Nerve to quadratus femoris
• Nerve to obturator internus
• Nerve to piriformis
• Sciatic nerve (common fibular nerve and tibial nerve)

Question 23

Which roots form the lumbosacral trunk?

Answer 23

L4 and L5 roots

Question 24

Which roots unite with the lumbosacral trunk to form the large sciatic nerve?

Answer 24

S1, S2, S3