Lecture 14 - The Hand

Question 1

What is the palmar aponeurosis and where is it located?

Answer 1

thick web of connective tissue, located deep to the thick skin of the palm of the hand

Question 2

The proximal aspect of the palmar aponeurosis is continuous with which aspects of the hand?

Answer 2

continuous with the tendon of palmaris longus and the flexor retinaculum

Question 3

Name the compartments of the hand:

Answer 3

thenar compartment
adductor compartment
hypothenar compartment
central compartment
interosseous compartmentS

Question 4

List the thenar muscles

Answer 4

abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis

Question 5

Thenar muscles are innervated by:

Answer 5

reccurent branch of the median nerve

Question 6

Name the muscle(s) found in the adductor compartment of the hand

Answer 6

adductor pollicis

Question 7

The adductor pollicis is innervated by:

Answer 7

deep branch of the ulnar nerve

Question 8

List the movements of the thumb and the planes in which they occur

Answer 8

Movements of the thumb:

• Abduction and adduction of the metacarpo-phalangeal joints occurs in sagittal plane
• flexion and extension at both metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints occurs in frontal plane

Question 9

List the hypothenar muscles:

Answer 9

• abductor digiti mini brevis (no longus for this)
• flexor digiti minimi brevis
• opponens digiti minimi

Question 10

the hypothenar muscles are the _______ of the thenar muscles

Answer 10

mirror-image

Question 11

hypothenar muscles are innervated by _______

Answer 11

deep branch of the ulnar nerve

Question 12

Which muscles make up the central compartment of the hand?

Answer 12

• tendons of long flexors (FDS and FDP)

- lumbricals

Question 13

The lumbricals are also known as the

Answer 13

bye-bye muscles

Question 14

Where do the lumbricals originate from?

Answer 14

from the tendons of FDP

Question 15

Where do the lumbricals insert into?

Answer 15

the extensor expansions of digits 2 -> 5

Question 16

How are the lumbricals numbered?

Answer 16

1-4 from lateral to medial

Question 17

list the innervation of the lumbricals:

Answer 17

1st and 2nd = median nerve (lateral)

3rd and 4th = deep branch of ulnar nerve (medial)

Question 18

What action is performed by the muscles of the central compartment of the hand?

Answer 18

flexion of metacarpophalangeal joint while extending interphalangeal joints

Question 19

Name the muscles of the interosseous compartment of the hand

Answer 19

4 Dorsal interossei muscles ( 4 DAB)

3 Palmar interossei muscles (3 PAD)

Question 20

How are the dorsal interrosei muscles numbered?

Answer 20

1-4 lateral to medial

Question 21

proximal and distal attachments of dorsal interrosei muscles:

Answer 21

proximal: adjacent sides of all 5 metacarpals
distal: extensor expansions of digits 2, 3, 4

Question 22

dorsal and palmar interrosei muscles are innervated by:

Answer 22

deep branch of ulnar nerve

Question 23

what are the actions of the dorsal interrosei muscles:

Answer 23

abduction of digits 2, 3, 4

assists lumbricals to flex metacarpophalangeal joints while extending interphalangeal joints

Question 24

How are the palmar interrosei muscles numbered?

Answer 24

1-3 lateral to medial

Question 25

proximal and distal attachments of palmar interrosei muscles:

Answer 25

proximal: medial side of metacarpal 2, lateral side of metacarpals 4 and 5
distal: extensor expansions of 2, 4, 5

Question 26

what are the actions of the palmar interrosei muscles:

Answer 26

adduction of digits 2, 4, 5

assist lumbricals to flex metacarpophalangeal joints while extending interphalangeal joints