Lec 22 - Knee Joint

Question 1

What distinguishes the knee joint from all other joints in the body?

Answer 1

largest and most superficial joint in the body

Question 2

What are the 3 articulations of the knee joint?

Answer 2

• lateral femorotibial
• medial femorotibial
• patellofemoral

Question 3

TRUE OR FALSE:

Both the tibia and fibula are involved in the knee joint

Answer 3

FALSE:

The fibula is not involved in the knee joint

Question 4

What type of joint is the knee joint? What does it allow?

Answer 4

modified hinge, synovial joint

• allows some rotation in addition to flexion and extension

Question 5

The knee joint is also sometimes referred to as ______

Answer 5

bicondylar joint

Question 6

What are menisci? What do they do?

Answer 6

fibrocartilaginous plates that rest on the tibial plateau, helps to deepen the articular surface

Question 7

List the intrinsic ligaments of the knee joint

Answer 7

• patellar ligament/tendon
• medial/tibial collateral ligament
• oblique popliteal ligament
• arcuate popliteal ligament

Question 8

What is the meaning of arcuate?

Answer 8

arching

Question 9

TRUE OR FALSE:

Hinge joints have collateral ligaments

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

What replaces the fibrous joint capsule anteriorly?

Answer 10

patellar ligament + patella + quadriceps tendon

Question 11

This ligament is an extension of the tendon of semimembranosus

Answer 11

oblique popliteal ligament

Question 12

What does the arcuate popliteal ligament arch over?

Answer 12

the tendon of popliteus muscle

Question 13

What are the extrinsic ligaments of the knee joint?

Answer 13

• lateral/fibular collateral ligament
• anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
• posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

Question 14

Cruciate ligaments are often reffered to as ____

Answer 14

internal ligaments

Question 15

TRUE OR FALSE:

Cruciate ligaments are located within the fibrous joint capsule and are included in the synovial capsule

Answer 15

FALSE:

• located within fibrous joint capsule BUT excluded from synovial capsule

Question 16

Where does the ACL originate and insert?

Answer 16

originate: anterior aspect of intercondylar eminence
insert: lateral femoral condyle

Question 17

Where does the PCL originate and insert?

Answer 17

originate: posterior aspect of intercondylar eminence
insert: medial femoral condyle

Question 18

What does the ACL prevent?

Answer 18

prevents tibia from moving anteriorly under the femur

Question 19

When does the ACL tighten?

Answer 19

during knee extension

Question 20

What test assesses the stability of the ACL and PCL post knee injury?

Answer 20

anterior/posterior drawer tests

Question 21

What does PCL prevent?

Answer 21

prevents the tibia from moving posteriorly under the femur

Question 22

When does the PCL tighten?

Answer 22

knee flexion

Question 23

What are the characteristics of the external and internal margins of the menisci?

Answer 23

external: thick and anchored to tibia by coronary ligaments
internal: thin and unattached to the bone

Question 24

What is the shape of the medial meniscus and where does it connect?

Answer 24

C shaped

connects directly to the medial/tibial collateral ligament

Question 25

What is the shape of the lateral meniscus and where does it connect?

Answer 25

Oval shaped unattached to fibular collateral ligament

Question 26

The head of the fibula articulates with ______

Answer 26

lateral tibial condyle

Question 27

What type of joint is the proximal tibiofibular joint?

Answer 27

plane, synovial joint

Question 28

What ligaments strengthen the joint capsule anteriorly and posteriorly?

Answer 28

anterior ligament of fibular head | posterior ligament of fibular head