Lec 23 - Bones and Joints of the Ankle and Foot

Question 1

How many bones are in the ankle and foot?

Answer 1

7 tarsals
5 metatarsals
14 phalanges
total: 26

Question 2

Tarsals are ___ bones

Answer 2

short

Question 3

Name the tarsal bones

Answer 3

talus
calcaneus
navicular
cuboid
medial/1st cuneiform
intermediate/2nd cuneiform
lateral/3rd cuneiform

Question 4

Cuboid is ____ to calcaneus

Answer 4

anterior

Question 5

With what does the trochlea of the talus articulate?

Name the joint that it forms

Answer 5

with the tibia and fibula to form the talocrural joint

Question 6

What is the function of the body of the talus?

Answer 6

transfer weight from the tibia to the calcaneus

Question 7

Where does the head of the talus articulate?

Answer 7

posterior aspect of the navicular

Question 8

Which is the largest and strongest bone in the foot?

Answer 8

calcaneus

Question 9

What is the function of the calcaneus?

Answer 9

transmit body weight from talus to the ground

Question 10

what is the calcaneal tuberosity?

Answer 10

posterior projection of the calcaneus

Question 11

Name the tubercles on the inferior surface of the calcaneal tuberosity

Answer 11

anterior tubercle, medial tubercle, lateral tubercle

Question 12

The sustenaculum tali protudes from the ____ aspect of the calcaneus

Answer 12

medial

Question 13

What is the function of the sustenaculum tali?

Answer 13

supports part of the talus

Question 14

TRUE OR FALSE:

Metatarsal bones are short bones

Answer 14

FALSE

Long bones

Question 15

What are the components of the metatarsal bones?

Answer 15

base, shaft, head

Question 16

What is the tibiofibular syndesmosis?

Answer 16

distal fibula articulates with fibular notch of the distal tibia

Question 17

List the intrinsic ligaments that support the tibiofibular syndesmosis

Answer 17

• anterior tibiofibular ligament
• interosseous tibiofibular ligament
• posterior tibiofibular ligament

Question 18

When does the tibiofibular syndesmosis experience movement?

Answer 18

when the foot is dorsiflexed, talus gets wedged into malleolar mortise

Question 19

The ankle joint is also known as _____

Answer 19

talocrural joint

Question 20

What makes up the talocrural joint?

Answer 20

the trochlea of the talus articulates with the malleolar mortise (lateral and medial malleoli and distal tibia)

Question 21

The talocrural joint is classified as a ____ joint

Answer 21

hinge, synovial joint

Question 22

The talocrural joint allows what movements?

Answer 22

dorsiflexion

plantarflexion

Question 23

Why is the ankle more stable in dorsiflexion?

Answer 23

the trochlea is wider anteriorly

Question 24

The medial collateral ligament of the talocrural joint is made up of what parts?

Answer 24

• anterior tibiotalar
• tibionavicular
• tibiocalcaneal
• posterior tibiotalar

Question 25

The lateral collateral ligament of the talocrural joint is made up of what parts?

Answer 25

- anterior talofibular - calcaneofibular - posterior talofibular

Question 26

What is the subtalar joint?

Answer 26

body of the talus articulates with the calcaneus

Question 27

What type of joint and what actions does the subtalar joint allow?

Answer 27

plane, synovial joint | allows inversion and eversion of the foot

Question 28

List the major ligaments of the foot and where they span from and to:

Answer 28

``` plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament - from sustenaculum tali of calcaneus to navicular ``` short plantar ligament (plantar calcaneocuboid) - from calcaneus to cuboid long plantar ligament - from calcaneus to bases of metatarsals