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EAS 1540 > Lecture 15- Ocean Primary Production I > Flashcards

Lecture 15- Ocean Primary Production I Flashcards

1
Q

why study primary production?

A
  • Base of the food web
  • Essential element of the global carbon cycle
  • Represents half of the total global photosynthesis
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2
Q

why is the global carbon a big topic?

A

it is closely related to our global warming problem

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3
Q

photosyntheis

A

consumes carbon dioxide gas to form the particulate carbon of algae

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4
Q

respiration

A

by all organisms produces carbon dioxide gas

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5
Q

difference between photosynthesis and respiration by all of the organisms

A

is what sinks to the ocean floor

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6
Q

half of oxygen comes from

A

photosynthesis in the ocean

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7
Q

global carbon cycle- atmosphere

A

0.5%

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8
Q

global carbon cycle- respiration and decay

A

0.01%

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9
Q

global carbon cycle- lithosphere

A

99.5%

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10
Q

Plankton

A

small organisms that drift with the ocean currents

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11
Q

Phytoplankton

A

small cells (often single cells but sometimes chains or colonies of many cells) that contain chlorophyll and drift with ocean currents

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12
Q

glucose from photosynthesis

A

serves as the energy source for all subsequent biochemical reactions

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13
Q

Photosynthesis only depends on

A

the availability of water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight

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14
Q

Primary production of photosynthesis requires

A

the uptake of plant nutrients for the construction of complex molecules that are needed to form new cellular components

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15
Q

magnitude of the primary production

A

depends on the availability of essential plant nutrients as well as sunlight

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16
Q

Net Primary Production (NPP)

A
  • difference between the amount of CO2 consumed by photosynthesis and the amount of CO2 produced by respiration
  • also known as the net gain or net loss of carbon within the cell
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17
Q

primary production effectively consumes carbon dioxide and forms

A

particulate organic carbon that can sink into the deep ocean

18
Q

primary production

A
  • makes oxygen

- requires light AND essential plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous, Si, and Fe

19
Q

phytoplankton

A

single celled organisms that carry out the vast majority of primary production in the ocean via chlorophyll

20
Q

diatoms

A

require silica

21
Q

Flagellates

A

mobile so they are able to avoid sinking in calm waters

22
Q

photosynthetic bacteria

A
  • able to grow at very low nutrient concentrations

- main photosynthesizers

23
Q

At compensation light level

A

photosynthesis is on the speed of respiration

24
Q

photosynthesis increases with

A

intensity of light but respiration is constant

25
Q

At light levels below the compensation light level

A
  • phytoplankton cells do not have sufficient light to photosynthesize fast enough to meet their basal metabolic needs
  • respiration exceeds photosynthesis
26
Q

below compensation light level

A

Negative values of net primary production

27
Q

At low light level

A

phytoplankton are light limited

28
Q

At optimal light levels

A

phytoplankton are light saturated

29
Q

At very high light levels

A

phytoplankton are photoinhibited

30
Q

compensation depth

A

depth at which the ambient light intensity is equal to the compensation light intensity

31
Q

The amount of nutrient needed for growth by an individual phytoplankton cell is proportional to

A

the cell’s mass or equivalently to the cell’s volume

32
Q

amount of nutrient that can be transported into a cell is proportional to

A

the cell’s surface area

33
Q

smaller cells

A

can grow better at lower nutrient concentrations

34
Q

4 Phytoplankton Nutrients of Interest

A
  • Nitrogen
  • Phosphorous
  • Silica (for diatoms)
  • Iron
35
Q

main source of nitrogen, phosphorous and silica

A

vertically mixing or upwelling of nutrient rich deep water to the surface

36
Q

What do you expect to happen to ocean primary production under a global warming scenrtio that enhances only temperatures of the surface layer of the ocean and leaves the deep layer cold (strengthens the thermocline/pcynocline)?

A

decrease

37
Q

thermocline

A
  • hold phytoplankton near the sunlit surface ocean
  • significant barrier to upward mixing of nutrient rich deep water
  • stronger the thermal stratification, the stronger the inhibition of nutrient mixing
38
Q

Source of Iron

A
  • Main source of iron input to the surface ocean is from dust blowing off of continents
  • Not abundant in the deep ocean
39
Q

Iron Limited Regions

A

Southern Ocean

40
Q

Primary production is enhanced

A
  • high light

- high nutrients

EAS 1540 (28 decks)

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