lecture 15 Flashcards
digestion in the mouth
salivary alpha-amylase hydrolyzes alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds in amylose and amylopectin, forming dextrins
digestion in the stomach
no digestin of amylose and amylopectin, dextrins pass unchanged
digestion in the small intestine (pancreas)
pancreas releases pancreatic alpha-amylase into the samll intestine which hydrolyzes alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds. dextrins are broken down into maltose and limit dextrins
digestion of amylose on the brush border
maltose is hydrolyzed by maltase, a brush border enzyme, forming free glucose
digestion of amylopectin on the brush border
maltose is hydrolyzed by maltase, a bursh border enzyme, forming free glucose. the alpha 1-6 glycosidic bonds in limit dextrins are hydrolyzed by alpha-dextrinase, forming glucose
what breaks down sucrose
sucrase
what breaks down maltose
maltase
what breaks down isomaltose
isomaltase
what breaks down dextrins
glucoamylase
what kind of bonds doese maltose break down
alpha 1-4
what kind of bonds does isomaltose break donw
alpha 1-6
where does lactose go in ppl with lactose intolerance
large intestine where microorganisms can metabolize it
what hydrolyzes lactose
lactase
why does lactose intolerance cause gas production
colonic bacteria ferment the undigested lactose, breaking it down into acids and gases.
his fermentation process produces various gases, including hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane.
active sugar transporter
SGLT1
what kind of pump is SGLT1
Na/K-ATPase
facilitated sugar transporters
diffusion
GLUT2 (glucose and galactose)
GLUT5 (fructose)
glut2 sugars
glucose and galactose
glut5 sugar
fructose
sglt1 sugars
glucose and galactose
Na and K are both transported across the membrane ______ their concentration gradient
against
the activity of what pump is the major energy demand of the body at resta nd is responsible for most of the active transport in the body
na/k
SGLT1 _________ by the breakdown of _______ is able to move ____ Na out of enterocytes
phosphorylated, ATP, 3
SGLT1 _______ by _______, brings back ___ K into the cell
dephosphorylated, hydrolysis, 2
