Final Exam 2 review Flashcards
post translational modifications to histones
methylation
acetylation
phosphorylation
ubiquitylation
smooth ER purpose
synthesize lipids, lipids are used by the cell (ex: LDL and HDL by liver cells)
rough ER
contains ribosomes which synthesize protein (destined for export out of the cell or plasma membrane)
golgi
modifying, sorting, and packaging macromolecules for cell secretion (exocytosis)
golgi is involved in the creation of
lysosomes
lysosomes
cell organelles packed with enzymes
where are lysosomes created
ER/golgi by concentrating hydrolytic enzymes into vesicle
what kind of enzymes do lysosomes contain
hydrolase
how many lipid bilayers do lysosomes have
one
autophagy
catabolic degradation to clear damaged proteins, recycle intracellular stuff to maintain homeostasis
entosis
invasion of a living cell, ‘loser’ cell can provide nutrients to the winner cell
what enzyme is in peroxisomes
catalase
catalase degrades
h202
chiral
objects that are not superimposable on their mirror images
“R” and “S”
absolute configuration of stereocenter
“D” and “L”
absolute configuration of a molecule
“d” or “(+)” and “l” or “(-)”
associated with rotating polarized light by equal amount but in opposite direction
dextrorotatory
d, +
levorotatory
l, -
enantiomers
stereoisomers that are mirror images, opposite configurations ar all chirality centers
diastereomers
stereoisomers that are no mirrro rimages, oppposite ocnfigurations at the same chirality centers
epimers
type of diastereomer
stereoisomer that differ in configuration of only one stereocetner
