Lecture 14 - Genetics

Question 1

what is a genome?

Answer 1

Your genome is all of the genetic information encoded in all of your chromosomes.

Question 2

What are homologous chromosomes?

Answer 2

Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes, one paternal and one maternal, which carry the same genes, but do not necessarily express the trait in the same way.

Question 3

Male sex chromosomes

Answer 3

X and Y

Question 4

Female sex chromosomes

Answer 4

X and X

Question 5

Autosomes

Answer 5

The 22 homologous pairs that guide the expression of most other traits.

Question 6

What is a Karyotype?

Answer 6

the counted pairing of chromosomes in a eukaryotic cell.
used detect chromosomal abnormalities in an individual or to compare two different, related species.

Question 7

Genotype

Answer 7

Genes of individual that determine a particular trait

Question 8

Phenotype

Answer 8

Physical expression of genotype

Question 9

Locus

Answer 9

the position of a gene on a chromosome

Question 10

Alleles

Answer 10

different versions of the same gene at the same locus on the same chromosome, affecting the same trait but coding for a different phenotype (A and a).

Question 11

Homozygous

Answer 11

Identical alleles

Question 12

Heterozygous

Answer 12

Different alleles

Question 13

Dominant allele

Answer 13

Mask recessive
Expressed as capital letter

Question 14

Recessive allele

Answer 14

Expressed as lower case letter
Only expressed if both alleles are recessive

Question 15

PUNNENT SQUARES

Answer 15

please refer to lecture and or lab manual