Lecture 14 - Cell Diversity and Viruses Flashcards
a dynamic INFORMATION system
The GENOME
Cells arise from DIVISION of
pre-existing cells
Cell function is dependent on ______ reactions occurring in _______
chemical, compartments
thecell Contains a large number of
components
components are organized with respect to
time and space
Fidelity of interactions is
maintained through
control of regulation of
components
cellular activities are very
precise
Bacteria, archaea
Structurally simpler
Prokaryotic cells
Protists, fungi, plants, animals
Structurally more complex
Eukaryotic cells
Protista are enormously
diverse
Protista charactaristics
Mostly unicellular
* Mostly aquatic
* Often contain flagella or cilia
* Sexual and asexual reproduction
* Diverse nutrition lifestyles
– Photosynthetic, holotrophic,
saprotrophic, parasitic, symbiotic
Link between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
(Examples:)
- Protozoans - malaria
– Unicellular red and green algae
– Diatoms
– Slime molds 9
Slime molds were originally classified as
part of the Fungi kingdom, but now grouped with the kingdom Protista—it’s not a mold
Slime Molds Unique Characteristics
- Eukaryotic single cell organism.
- Use a primitive form of sexual reproduction (spores).
- Size: less than 1 cm to several square metres.
- Multinucleate (1 cell has 1000s of nuclei).
- They have an amazing capacity to move around and respond to their environment.
Viruses have many
Families and Subtypes
Virosphere:
Around_____species of mammals and about ______ species of vascular plants have
been described.
5,500, 391,000
Virosphere:
the ______ the organism, the ______ the numbers typically get
smaller, higher
There are _______
to _______ species of arthropod (invertebrate animals) and probably more than_____ distinct fungi
1 million, 10 million, 5.1 million
as many as ______ distinct microbes on
Earth
1.6 million
Since each _____/____ ____ is almost certainly associated with at least ____ _____, then there are probably millions of ______ _______
microbe/cell type, one virus, distinct viruses
So far, just ____ _____ _____ have been formally described.
4,958 virus species
Viruses are not
cells