lecture 14

Question 1

3 Domains

Answer 1

Domain Bacteria
Domain Archaea
Domain Eukarya

Question 2

Domain Bacteria: Cyanobacteria

Answer 2

Cyanobacteria (e.g., Anabaena):
A group of bacteria.
Contain filamentous structures.
Possess photosynthetic cells.
They are photoautotrophs (organisms that use light energy to synthesize food).

Question 3

What are most bacteria?

Answer 3

Most bacteria are chemoautotrophs (organisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic compounds).

Question 4

shape of cocci bacteria

Answer 4

Cocci bacteria are spherical.

Question 5

Bacilli shape bacteria

Answer 5

Bacilli are rod-shaped bacteria.

Question 6

Spirilla shape

Answer 6

Spirilla are spiral-shaped bacteria.

Question 7

How do bacteria reproduce?

Answer 7

Bacteria reproduce through binary fission (asexual reproduction by splitting into two cells).

Question 8

Conjugation:

Answer 8

Conjugation: A process in which two bacterial cells connect through a pilus (plasma membrane extensions) and exchange genetic material (usually plasmids).

Question 9

Domain Archaea

Answer 9

Prokaryotic organisms (lack a membrane-bound nucleus).

Share some characteristics with bacteria (similar size, shape, and lack of organelles).

Archaea lack a nuclear envelope and membrane-bound organelles, and they have circular chromosomes.

Many can live in extreme environments, such as hot springs, salt lakes, and deep-sea hydrothermal vents (extremophiles).