Lecture 14 Flashcards
What does the respiratory system need?
- A surface for gas exchange
- A path for airflow
- Ability to draw air in and out
- Sound and olfaction
Respiratory region
Alveoli
Conducting region
Nose to bronchiole
- Ensure air is warm, clean, and moist
Nasal cavity
Olfaction
Oral cavity
Passage for air and food
Function of vibrissae
Hairs that filter inhaled air
What is the anterior of the nose made of?
Cartilage
What is the posterior side of the nose made of?
Bone
What is the roof of the nose cavity formed by?
Ethmoid and sphenoid bones
What is the floor of the nose cavity formed by?
Hard and soft palates
What are the conchae on the lateral walls of the nose covered by?
Respiratory epithelium. Particles stick to mucosa
What happens to the vascular plexus when the temperature drops?
The vascular plexus dilates for greater heat transfer
Where is the paranasal found?
Found within frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones
What are the paranasal sinuses lined with?
Lined with respiratory mucosa, drain into the pharynx.
What are the functions of the paranasal sinuses?
- Lighten skull
- Increased surface area to clean warm, moisten the air
- Sound resonance
- Infected mucus can block drainage.
How many regions does the pharynx have?
3
Nasopharynx
Air passage only
Where is the nasopharynx located?
Posterior to the nasal cavity.
What stops food from entering the nasal cavity?
The soft palate and uvula block the nasopharynx during swallowing
Oropharynx
Air and food, protection against abrasion
What is the oropharynx made of?
Stratified squamous epithelium
What does the oropharynx form?
The soft palate to the hyoid bone
2 types of tonsils of the oropharynx are:
Palatine and lingual
Where is the oropharynx located?
Posterior to the oral cavity
Layrngopharynx
Air and food: Made of stratified squamous epithelium
Respiratory epithelium is made of:
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
Where are goblet cells found?
Nasal cavity, part of pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi
What do goblet cells do?
They produce mucus, traps debris, and moisten the air
What is the overall function of the respiratory system?
To deliver air that is warm, clean, and moist to the site of gas exchange
What are the key structures of URT?
Nose, nasal cavity, and larynx (the three regions)
