Lecture 13 : Molecular Basis of Protein Action Flashcards
1
Q
What is expression and degradation?
A
- A way of controlling proteins
- Simply regulating how many proteins there are
Could be controlled by level of transcription of the protein, level of mRNA controlled, altering lifetime of protein
2
Q
What is effector ligand binding?
A
- Way of regulating proteins
- Binding of an ‘effector’ molecule can induce conformational change that can either activate or inhibit the protein
- Effectors that bind to the active site are competitive inhibitors
- Effectors that bind to an alternate region from active site are called allosteric proteins
- Haemoglobin eg
3
Q
How can pH regulate protein action
A
- if pH is too low, ionisable groups may be protonated and affect the structure and therefore performance of protein
4
Q
What are interaction domains?
A
Domains of proteins that can be altered to regulate function
5
Q
What is localisation
A
Where the protein is in the cell, eg. any cells required in nucleus can be moved into the cytoplasm.
6
Q
What are protein switches
A
- way of regulating protein action
- ‘Turned on and off’
- GPTase
7
Q
How do protein modifications regulate protein action
A
- Phosphorylation most important
Covalent addition of P to amino acid sidechain
Adds double negative charge, affects conformation
8
Q
What is hydroxylation
A
- Can be used to regulate protein action
9
Q
Why is there so much proteome diversity?
A
Due to protein modifications
10
Q
A
