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GI Exam I > Lecture 11: Histology of the Pancreas, Liver, and Glands > Flashcards

Lecture 11: Histology of the Pancreas, Liver, and Glands Flashcards

1
Q

3 main digestive glands are?

A
  1. Major salivary glands
  2. Exocrine pancreas
  3. Liver
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2
Q

What type of secretory cell is shown here; secretes what?

A
  • Mucous acini
  • Glycoprotein-rich product
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3
Q

What type of secretory cell is shown here?

A
  • Serous acini
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4
Q

What type of secretory cell is shown here?

A

Mucoserous

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5
Q

What type of gland is this, distinguishing features, and label the arrows!

A
  • Parotid Gland
  • Pyramidial cells w/ basally located nuclei
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6
Q

What type of gland is this?

A

Parotid gland

*Pyramidal shaped cells!*

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7
Q

What type of gland is this?

A

Sublingual gland

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8
Q

What type of gland is this, distinguishing features, label arrows!

A
  • Sublingual gland
  • Mixed gland, but predominantly mucous
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9
Q

What type of gland is this?

A

Submandibular gland

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10
Q

What type of gland is this; distinguishing features (all the arrows)?

A
  • Submandibular
  • Serous cells are predominant
  • Mucous cells are capped by serous demilumes (‘bonnet’)
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11
Q

What is shown here?

A
  • Hepatic lobule
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12
Q

What is shown here, the ‘stick’ like structures?

A

Bile canaliculi

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13
Q

What is shown here and what do each of the letters represent?

A
  • Hepatic lobule

C = central venule

S = sinusoids

H = hepatocytes

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14
Q

What is depicted by this picture?

A

Portal Triad (hepatic artery, bile duct, and portal vein)

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15
Q

What is a hepatic lobule, what shape is it?

A
  • Structural unit of kidney
  • Hexagonal in shape
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16
Q

What is a portal lobule based on; what is the central axis?

A
  • Bile drainage pathway from adjacent lobules toward the same bile duct
  • Portal triad is the central axis, so it consists of 3 hexagons connected to one another
17
Q

What are the liver acinus based on, and what determines the boundaries; establishes what?

A
  • [O2] gradient along sinusoids of adjacent lobules
  • Boundaries determined by a terminal branch of the hepatic a
  • Establishes zones I, II, III
18
Q

Which zone is closest and furthest from the portal triad?

A

Zone I = closest

Zone III = furthest away

19
Q

What is the Perisinusoidal space of Disse; contains; what takes place here?

A
  • Separates the basolateral domain of the hepatocyte from blood circulating in hepatic sinusoid
  • Contains Type I, III, and IV collagen fibers
  • Protein absorption and secretion
20
Q

How does blood, bile and lymph flow within the liver?

A

Blood/lymph flow in the opposite direction from bile

21
Q

Excess fluid in the space of Disse is collected where and then what happens?

A

Collected in the space of mall and then drained by lymphatic vessels

22
Q

Describe what happens in Zone 1 of the liver?

A
  • Closest to blood supply (so will be affected by immune response 1st)
  • First to receive oxygen, nutrients, and toxins
  • First to regenerate
  • Last to die
23
Q

Describe what happens in Zone 3 of the liver?

A
  • First to show necrosis
  • Last to respons to toxins and bile stasis
24
Q

What type of cell is shown here and its function?

A
  • Kupffer cells
  • Specialized macrophages along the sinusoids, detect and phagocytose effete erythrocytes
25
Q

What is shown by the arrow on the left and right?

A

Left = microvili lining of bile canaliculus

Right = bile canaliculus

26
Q

Many pathologies are described from what functional part of the liver? Which way are they best understood?

A

Described from viewpoint of classic lobule, but best understood from viewpoint of liver acini

27
Q

What type of gland is the exocrine pancreas?

A

Branched tubuloacinar gland

28
Q

What is the functional unit of the exocrine pancreas; functon?

A

Serous acinus; secrete digestive enzymes

29
Q

Which cells of the pancreas secrete HCO3?

A

Centroacinar cells

*Found centrally*

30
Q

Pancreatic acinar cell is characterized by?

A
  1. Well developed RER
  2. Prominent golgi apparatus
  3. Apical domain of zymogen granules
31
Q

What occurs w/ premature release of pancreatic enzymes; particularly which one?

A
  • Autodigestion of the pancreatic gland, particularly w/ trypsin to trypsinogen
  • Results in acute pancreatitis
32
Q

Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by; major cause?

A
  • Fibrosis and partial or total destruction of the pancreatic tissue
  • Alchohol is the major cause
33
Q

Majority of patients w/ cystic fibrosis also have what other condition; what about CF causes this?

A
  • Chronic pancreatitis
  • Thick sticky mucus obstructs the duct passages of airways, pancreatic, and biliary ducts
34
Q

What organ is this; also label A and B?

A
  • Pancreas

A = acinar

B= centroacinar

GI Exam I (14 decks)

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