Lecture 11 - ABG/Top Hat Stuff

Question 1

What is the answer to Q1?

Answer 1

A

Systemic vasodilation leads to drop in BP
Leads to tissue hyperperfusion
Anaerobic respiration occurs
Becomes more acidic
HCO3- levels dropped since H+ from the acidic blood reacts with it

Question 2

What ratio of HCO3- to CO2 enables pH to be maintained in normal range?

Answer 2

20 : 1

1 CO2 needs 20 HCO3- to prevent pH changes

Question 3

Where is the majority of HCO3- made?

Answer 3

Red blood cells

Kidneys control bicarb levels tho

Question 4

What is the key reaction involved in acid base homeostasis?

Answer 4

CO2 + H2O <–> H2CO3 <–> H+ + HCO3-

Question 5

what is the volume of air called which we move in and out with each quiet breath?

Answer 5

Tidal volume

Question 6

How would you calculate a patients total pulmonary ventilation?

Answer 6

Tidal volume x resp rate

Also called the minute volume

Question 7

What is the answer to question 2?

Answer 7

E
Full compensated respiratory acidosis

The pCO2 is high and pO2 is low so indicates its a respiratory acidosis
The level of HCO3- is elevated to compensate
The pH is in the normal range therefore its fully compensated

Question 8

What are the accessory muscles of inspiration?

Answer 8

Sternocleidomastoid
Scalenes
Pec major
Serratus anterior

Question 9

What are the accessory muscles of expiration?

Answer 9

Internal intercostals
Abdominal wall muscles:
Rectus abdominis
Transversalis abdominis
Internal oblique
External oblique