Lecture 11 Flashcards
What are fungi?
Heterotrophic eukaryotes that feed by absorption
How do fungi rep
They can reproduce sexually, asexually and disperse by spores
What is the main function for fungi?
They are known to be responsible for decomposition of animal and plant tissue
What is mainly used to absorb molecules for fungi?
They absorb molecules through their cell walls as they have lots of enzymes to break down molecules
What is the hyphae
They are branched filaments
What is mycelium
Fast growing hyphae that form a network of branches
What is material trans?
The ability to move materials
What are the cell walls of fungi made of?
They are made of chitin which is found in insect exoskeletons
What process do fungi used to transport food and signal molecules?
They use turgor pressure
Why is turgor pressure important
It’s important as with it fungi can give materials to fuel elongation
What are yeast and where do they live?
Yeast or single celled fungi from moist nutrient, rich places
How do yeast divide
They divide by budding
What can yeast be found on?
They can be found on plants, animals, and animal guts
What is decomposition?
The use of dead organic matter for energy
It’s done by converting dead matter to CO2 and H2O
How do fungal infections affect plants?
Plants are in vulnerable to rust, mutts and mould
How do fungal infection spread for plants?
They spread above ground by spores and below ground by hyphae
What organisms get affected by fungal infections for vertebrates
Only fish and amphibians get infections while humans don’t
What is the mutualistic relationship for Mycorrhiza
The mycorrhiza supply plant with nutrients and receive carbs
What are the two types of mychorrhizal
Ectomychorrhizal and endomychotrhizal
Lichens mutualistic relationship
The association between fungi and photosynthetic micro organisms in which they exchange nutrients by hyphae
What are the fungal challenges?
Fungi needs to find individuals to mate, and they must be able to disperse from one place to another
What is spore disposal?
When fungi produce high amounts of spores for dispersal
What is asexual sport dispersal
Asexual spores are produced in sporangia, which then form from erectile
What are the use of fruiting bodies
When fungi must rely on rain, such animals to move spores
What is parasexual cycle?
When fungal species that don’t have sexual cycle, generate genetic diversity by crossing over DNA
