Lecture 10: Nutrition & performance Flashcards
What is homeostasis?
The body’s biological way of maintaining an internal balance. It’s responsible for reacting to the body’s external environment.
Explain what is blood glucose homeostasis?
The balance of insulin & glucagon to maintain the balance of blood glucose
Ghrelin homeostasis?
- Regulates homeostasis by transmitting signals to the brain on the nutritional information of the body. Therefore, it’s in charge of letting the brain know that the stomach is in need of food.
Produced by?
- The gastrointestinal tract.
Leptin homeostasis?
- Maintains long-term fat storage in mammals
- Made of adipocytes
- Carbs stimulate leptin = hunger increases.
How does the supercompensation theory fit into our daily lives
This theory fits into our lives because throughout the day our body must endure repetitive physical movements that can become an endurance activity. However, our body adapts and alters itself to regenerate the energy that was used during endurance workouts.
- However, our bodies can also overcompensate, leading to possible muscle wear off.
Supercompensation theory?
The super-compensation theory asserts that the body automatically recovers above and beyond pre-fitness levels. This means that the body recovers stronger than the state it was in before experiencing physical strain.
As exercise intensity increases what substrate is used?
Muscle glycogen
How might a low-carb diet affect exercise intensity?
A low-carb diet would affect an individual’s exercise intensity because carbs are stored as glycogen within the muscles. Muscle glycogen is used during high exercise intensity, thus if there is a lack of glycogen, then the individual’s performance would be low. Low-carb diets could also cause muscle fatigue, and tiredness, and limit their performance.
What energy substrate is used by the different energy systems?
- Aerobic glycolysis
- CARBS
- Does not require energy and occurs within the cytoplasm
- Uses energy contained in glucose for ATP production - Anaerobic glycolysis
- FATS
- Required energy & occurs within mitochondria
- Used in lower intensity workouts - extra (Phosphagen)
What is RER?
Stands for Respiratory Exchange Rate. RER is the ratio between the volume of CO2 produced by the body and the amount of CO2 being consumed. This helps determine whether the body is functioning aerobically or anaerobically.
What do .7 & .10 signify in RER?
As a rule of thumb, a resting RER of about 0.7 indicates that fats (aerobically) are being used as the body’s main fuel source while 1 means mostly carbohydrates (anaerobically)
are being used. RERs between these values indicate a mix.
How might an individual carb load?
In order to effectively carb load, the individual must first go into a carb deficit and then proceed to go into a carb overload.
How do you increase the absorption of carbohydrates?
To increase the absorption of carbohydrates one could increase the number of monosaccharides and nutrient proteins in the blood to allow a more rapid transport throughout the body.
