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Nutrition > Exam II Questions > Flashcards

Exam II Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the simplest form of carbohydrate called?

A

A monosaccharide

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2
Q

Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide?
- Sucrose
- Galactose
- Glycogen
- Maltose

A

C) Glycogen

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3
Q

Which food has the highest glycemic index?
(Remember: low = 0-65, mid = 56-70, high = 70+)

A

Gummy bears (1f/26c/2p/25)

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4
Q

What are some factors that may influence glycemic index?

A

Foods that may influence glycemic index include:
1. Food processing
2. Amount of fat & protein
3. Sugar content

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5
Q

Why do people have lactose intolerance?

A

There are individuals who have lactose intolerance because the disaccharide lactase cannot break down products with lactose.

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6
Q

Why is it essential to maintain blood glucose lvls?

A

It’s important to maintain blood glucose levels because it serves as balance for the body If the levels are elevated or low, it could lead to disruption in the body.

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7
Q

What is the primary hormone that lowers blood glucose levels after food ingestion?

A

Leptin

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8
Q

What are the major functions of fiber?

A

Blunt sugar response and stimulates periostitis.

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8
Q

A polysaccharide is broken down into a glucose molecule

A

Glycogenolysis

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9
Q

Courtney just ate a nice big meal of pasta and is in a caloric surplus so that extra glucose is stored as glycogen. This is an example is

A

Glycogenesis

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10
Q

Steven is running a marathon when running his stored glycogen is being broken down into glucose. This is an example of a?

A

Glycogenolysis.

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11
Q

A molecule gets converted to pyruvate. This is an example of?

A

Glycolysis

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12
Q

Which of the following molecules are precursors for glucose?

A
  1. Lactate
  2. Glycerol
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13
Q

Which part of the body has the highest number of calories for energy in terms of glucose storage?

A

Muscle glycogen

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14
Q

What causes someone to hit the wall in a marathon?

A
  1. liver glycogen depletion
  2. Muscle glycogen depletion
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15
Q

What is an example of a long-chain fatty acid?

A

Peanut oil (18 carbons)

16
Q

Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids have double bonds on the third and sixth carbon respectively.

A

True

17
Q

What is the major form of stored fat?

A

Triglyceride

18
Q

(True/false)
Cholesterol production is needed for the creation of testosterone.

A

True

19
Q

(True/false)
Fats are hydrophilic and thus do not need carriers to be transported in the blood.

A

False;
Fats are hydrophobic

20
Q

What is the function of fat?

A
  1. Conserve body heat
  2. Components of sex hormones
  3. Energy
  4. Components of vitamins A, D, E, and K (fat-soluble vitamins)
21
Q

What is the difference between essential & non-essential amino acids?

A

Essential A.A. require food in order to obtain the. On the other hand, the body is able to produce non-essential on its own.

22
Q

The structure of a protein dictates its function, such that even one amino acid difference can dramatically change its function.

A

True

23
Q

What is the bond between amino acids?

A

Peptide bond

24
Q

What must be removed for protein metabolism?

A

Carboxyl group

25
Q

What situation would have the highest breakdown of protein in the body?

A

Running a marathon after eating 0 kcal of pasta

26
Q

Dr. Oz is trying to tell you that you must consume meat to get all of your essential amino acids. Based on what you have learned from the class what do you tell him?

A

There are other existing alternatives that do not require meat such as, complimentary proteins.

27
Q

A positive number of amino acids going into the muscle will result in?

A

Hypertrophy

28
Q

A negative number of amino acids going to the muscle will result in?

A

Atrophy

29
Q

A positive number of amino acids going to the muscle, but the individual is on red rest for weeks?

A

Atrophy

30
Q

What molecule can be measured to assess how much protein is being used in the body?

A

Nitrogen

31
Q

What is the ultimate fate of most of the alcohol that is consumed?

A

Triglyceride

32
Q

(true/false)
Alcohol metabolize is an example of zero-order kinetics such that the rate of metabolism will stay the same no matter how much alcohol you put in.

A

True.

33
Q

What is a factor that can slow down the absorption rate of alcohol?

A
  1. Food consumption
  2. Individual’s gender
34
Q

What macronutrient is primarily used by glycolysis?

A

Carbohydrate

35
Q

What macronutrient is primarily used by oxidative phosphorylation? Hint oxidative phosphorylation occurs aerobically.

A

Fat

Nutrition (13 decks)

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