Lecture 10- Neuropathology

Question 1

classic indications of raised intracranial pressure?

Answer 1

headache, vomiting, papilledema (swelling of optic disc)

Question 2

3 types of brain herniation

Answer 2

subfalcine (cingulate)

transtentorial (uncinate)

tonsillar (displ. cerebellar tonsils)

Question 3

tonsillar herniation causes displacement of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum which is …. because the … is compromised and the …. and … centers are located in the medulla oblongata

Answer 3

life threatening

brain stem

cardiac and breathing

Question 4

which herniation can compress cranial nerve 3 causing dilated pupils and impairment of ocular movementss

Answer 4

transtentorial/ uncinate

Question 5

…. is the accumulation of excess CSF within the ventricular system

Answer 5

hydrocephalus

Question 6

causes of hydrocephalus

Answer 6

decreased CSF resorption (more common) caused by obstruction like tumor, hemorrhage or inflammation

increased CSF production (tumor of choroid plexus) RARE

Question 7

…. is defined as an acute, non-epileptic neurologic deficit lasting more than 24 hours resulting from either hypoxia or hemorrhage

Answer 7

stroke

Question 8

an … hematoma is a rupture of a meningeal artery which accumulates between the skull and dura and is a result of blunt force skull fracture

Answer 8

epidural

Question 9

there is usually a …. interval in an epidural hematoma

Answer 9

lucid

Question 10

a … hematoma is when venous blood accumulates between the dura and the arachnoid membrane.. usually either a shaken baby or elderly with brain atrophy

Answer 10

subdural

Question 11

… is a loss of concussion with full recovery

Answer 11

concussion

Question 12

… is a disruption and hemorrhage of superficial brain caused by blunt trauma

Answer 12

contusion

Question 13

… is tearing of brain parenchyma

Answer 13

laceration