Lecture 10 - Nervous System Flashcards
parts of the brainstem
- > pons
- > medula
- > midbrain
lobes of the cerebrum
- > fontal
- > occipital
- > temporal
- > parietal
characteristics of the cervical nerves
- > 8 cervical nerves
- > the # of nerve goes above the same number vertebrae
- > C1 has cranial nerve 1 above and CN2 below
characteristics of the lumbar region of the spine
- > # of nerve goes under the corresponding nerve
- > the nerves/lumbrosacral enlargement only go to around L2
- > cauda equina extend the nerves to their vertebrae
characteristics of thoracic nerves
parts of a spinal nerve
white vs grey matter
The central nervous system of the brain is made up of two kinds of tissue: grey matter and white matter. The grey matter contains the cell bodies, dendrites and the axon terminals, where all synapses are. The white matter is made up of axons, which connect different parts of grey matter to each other
from deep to superficial meninges and what do they do
- > pia mater
- > arachnoid mater
- > dura mater
they are three layers of membranes that protect the brain and spinal cord
what is the brachial plexus
collection of nerves
- > where arm nerves attach to spinal cord
- > C5, C6, C7, C8, T1
what are main nerves that innervate the upperlimb
- > musculocutaneuous
- > median
- > radial
- > ulnar
- > auxillary
draw the brachila plexus
Rugby Team Drink Cold (Beer) Nightly
which muscles are innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve
which muscles are innervated by the axillary nerve
which muscles are innervated by the radial nerve
which muscles are innervated by the median nerve
which muscles are innervated by the ulnar nerve
dermatomes
what causes waiters tip deformity
- > damage/injury to upper brachial plexus
claw hand deformity
- > caused by damage/injury to lower brachial plexus
thoracic outlet syndrome
Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a group of disorders that occur when blood vessels or nerves in the space between your collarbone and your first rib (thoracic outlet) are compressed. This can cause shoulder and neck pain and numbness in your fingers
- > happens to people who do alot of overhead motion
muscle that elevate the shoulder and what innervates them
upper traps
- > accessory
levator scapulae
- > accessory
rhomboids
- > dorsal scapular nerve
muscles that depress the shoulder and the nerve that innervates them
Lower traps
- > Accessory nerve
muscles that rotate the shoulder upward and the innervating nerve
Upper and lower traps
- > accessory nerve
Serratus anterior
- > long thoracic nerve
muscles responsible for downward rotation of the shoulder and their nerves
Rhomboids
- > dorsal scapular nerve
Levator scapulae
- > accessory nerve
muscles that protract and retract the shoulder and their innervating nerves
Protraction
Serratus anterior
- > long thoracic nerve
Retraction
Midtraps
- > accessory
Rhomboids
- > dorsal scapular nerve
muscle/nerve responsible for shoulder Abduction
deltoids
- > axillary nerve
muscle/nerve responsible for shoulder adduction
Pec major
Teres major
Lattisimus dorsi
- > C5, C6, C7
muscle/nerves responsible for shoulder flexion and extension
Flexion (C5)
Deltoid
Pec Major
Coracobrachialis
Extension (C6,7,8)
Lats Teres Major
muscles and nerves responsible for elbow flexion
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5)
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Radial Nerve (C6)
Brachioradialis
muscles and nerves responsible for shoulder extension
Radial Nerve (C7)
- > triceps brachii
muscles and nerves responsible for wrist flexion
Medial Nerve (C7)
- > flexor carpi radialis
Ulnar Nerve (C7)
- > flexor carpi ulnaris
muscles and nerves responsible for wrist extension
Radial (C6)
- > Extensor carpi radialis longus
- > extensor carpi radialis brevis
- > extensor carpi ulnaris
common auxillary nerve issues
can be injured from shoulder dislocation
common radial nerve issues
- > can be injured with a mid humeral fracture
common ulnar nerve injuries
can be entrapped at the elbow or the wrist
common issues with the median nerve
can be entrapped at the cubital fossa, by pronator teres or carpal tunnel
common issues of the musculocutaneuous nerve
can become entrapped by the coracobrachialis
muscles and nerves responsible for forearm pronation and supination
Pronation (C7, C8)
Median Nerve
- > pronator teres
- > pronator quatrus
Supination (C6)
Radial Nerve
- > supinator
Musculocutaneuos
- > biceps
Muscles and nerves responsible for finger flexion and Extension
Flexion (C8)
Median Nerve and Ulnar nerve
- > flexor digitorum superficialis
- > flexor digitorum profundus
Extension (C7)
Radial Nerve
- > extensor digitorum
muscles/ nerves personable for finger abd/adduction
T1
Adduction/Abduction
ulnar nerve
- > interossei muscles
